Somatic embryogenesis of Scots pine: cold treatment and characteristics of explants affecting induction

Häggman, Hely; Jokela, A.; Krajňáková, Jana; Kauppi, Anneli; Niemi, Karoliina; Aronen, Tuija

doi:10.1093/jxb/50.341.1769

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…The approach was based on evaluating open-pollinated seeds of maternal and paternal trees intended for controlled crosses, and then using seed families from crosses that involved the best SE initiator as maternal parent. Based on our results and those of Häggman et al (1999), Lelu et al (1999), and Niskanen et al (2004), the same approach and breeding strategy would be applicable to Scots pine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The first reports of SE in Scots pine focused mainly on initiation from immature seed, and investigated the responses of excised zygotic embryos at several developmental stages on various culture media (Keinonen-Mettälä et al 1996;Lelu et al 1999;Häggman et al 1999). While regeneration of small numbers of somatic seedlings and young trees was achieved in those studies, efforts were not aimed specifically at developing somatic embryo maturation protocols for the efficient production of large numbers of clonal plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clonal plant production from self- and cross-pollinated seed families of Pinus sylvestris (L.) through somatic embryogenesis

Lelu‐Walter¹,

Bernier‐Cardou

Klimaszewska

2007

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Several factors affecting somatic embryogenesis (SE) in Pinus sylvestris from selfand cross-pollinated seed families were studied with the aim of producing large quantities of clonal plants. Somatic embryogenesis initiation from zygotic embryos was improved on a medium with lower than standard concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.2 vs. 9.5 lM) and 6-benzyladenine (2.2 vs. 4.5 lM). On this medium, initiation rates of four controlled crosses, including one self-cross, varied from 3% to 25%. Among the maturation factors tested, the concentration of abscisic acid (ABA 80, 120 lM) had no significant effect on the production of mature somatic embryos when the medium contained 0.1 M sucrose. When sucrose concentration was 0.2 M, however, 1.4 times more mature somatic embryos were produced on medium with 80 lM compared with 120 lM ABA. Under our best maturation conditions, mature somatic embryos accumulated amounts of storage proteins that were similar to the amounts in mature zygotic embryos. Activated charcoal exerted a beneficial effect on mature somatic embryo production of 24-week-old cultures; there was no evidence of such an effect in 8-week-old cultures. Thirty-seven embryogenic lines from a self-cross and an out-cross were chosen for clonal plant production. Highly embryogenic lines produced mature somatic embryos that were more likely to convert to plants than those from less embryogenic lines. After 4 months of growth in a shade house, plantlet survival rates exceeded 70% for 31 lines out of 35. This report describes an improved method for accelerated production of large quantities of Scots pine for clonal tests.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal plant production from self- and cross-pollinated seed families of Pinus sylvestris (L.) through somatic embryogenesis

Lelu‐Walter¹,

Bernier‐Cardou

Klimaszewska

2007

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…Higher initiation frequencies were obtained when immature zygotic embryo explants showed no variability (they were in the same precotyledonary developmental stage), although an optimized protocol has not been obtained. In Pinus species the developmental stage of zygotic embryos strongly influenced the initiation frequencies (Klimaszewska and Smith 1997, Häggman et al 1999, Miguel et al 2000. Low initiation frequencies can also be the result of open pollination and genetic differences among selected trees (Jones and Van Staden 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic embryogenesis in Pinus nigra: embryogenic tissue initiation, maturation and regeneration ability of established cell lines

Salajová¹,

Salaj²

2005

Biologia plant.

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The effect of plant growth regulators (PGR), 6-benzyladenine (BA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and sugars (sucrose, maltose, glucose, fructose) on the initiation of somatic embryogenesis of Pinus nigra Arn. was investigated. Megagametophytes containing immature zygotic embryos have been used as explants. The experiments were done in the years 2000 and 2001. Higher initiation frequencies were obtained in 2001 when the zygotic embryos showed uniformity, being in the precotyledonary stage of development. Embryogenic tissue initiation occurred on all the media tested, including PGR-free medium. Relatively high initiation frequencies were obtained on media containing either NAA (9.09 %) or 2,4-D (7.14 %) alone. Somatic embryos were present as bipolar structures and showed differences in morphological features among cell lines. Plantlet regeneration occurred in cell lines containing bipolar somatic embryos composed of compact meristematic embryo "head" and suspensor organized into bundles.

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“…26 In conifers, somatic embryos are able to produce ABA, 27 but additional exogenous ABA with an osmoticum is required for the normal development of somatic embryos and for the proper accumulation of storage reserves. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Therefore, ABA has been considered as a candidate for the megagametophyte-embryo signalling.…”

Section: Exploring the Evolution And Genetic Regulation Of Life And Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine embryogenesis

Vuosku

Sutela

Tillman-Sutela³

et al. 2009

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Somatic embryogenesis of Scots pine: cold treatment and characteristics of explants affecting induction

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Clonal plant production from self- and cross-pollinated seed families of Pinus sylvestris (L.) through somatic embryogenesis

Clonal plant production from self- and cross-pollinated seed families of Pinus sylvestris (L.) through somatic embryogenesis

Somatic embryogenesis in Pinus nigra: embryogenic tissue initiation, maturation and regeneration ability of established cell lines

Pine embryogenesis

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