Somatic Growth of the Infant and Preschool Child

Johnston, Francis E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0522-2_1

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…There are factors associated with populations which promote variability among groups (Johnston 1978). A considerable proportion of the variation has been found to be due to the modifying e ect of environmental conditions (Tanner, Hayashi, Preece and Cameron 1982, Kimura 1984, Takahashi 1984.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age changes in some somatometric characters of the Assamese Muslims of Kamrup district, Assam

Begum

Choudhury²

1999

Annals of Human Biology

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Growth in weight, stature, sitting height, lower extremity length, head circumference and girth of biceps, chest and calf were studied in a cross-sectional sample of Assamese Muslims in Kamrup district, Assam, India. The sample comprised 835 boys and 894 girls, aged 3-20 years. The average growth pattern for the linear body dimensions was analysed by fitting Preece Baines model I to the mean values. The other dimensions were analysed in terms of simple line charts. Average final size and age at peak velocity of the linear dimensions were derived from the fitted curves. The data for height and weight were compared with other samples of the same district, with national urban and rural growth data for India, and with the NCHS growth standards. Mean height and weight of Assamese Muslim children fluctuates between the 5th and 10th centile of the NCHS standards up to approximately 15 years in boys and 13 years in girls. Thereafter, average length and weight lags behind the American standards, ending up below the 5th centile. The differences between the growth of Assamese Muslims and other populations are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age changes in some somatometric characters of the Assamese Muslims of Kamrup district, Assam

Begum

Choudhury²

1999

Annals of Human Biology

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“…Large joint diameters are used as an anthropometric marker of bone mass [79]. Increased physical activity [80] and accelerated maturation during puberty increase bone mass [4,81].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Environmental Disasters on Endocrine Status, Hematology Parameters, Body Composition, and Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players: A Case Study of the Aral Sea Region

Erkudov

Rozumbetov

Férnandez

et al. 2023

Life

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The Aral Sea region (Uzbekistan) is infamous because of the ecological disaster characterized by the disappearance of the Aral Sea due to excessive uncontrolled water intake for agriculture needs. A new desert occurrence, soil and climate aridization led to pesticide and toxic metals environment pollution. The impact of environmental conditions in some areas of Uzbekistan on the health of soccer players is not as noticeable as, for example, the effectiveness of training, so it is not widely discussed in scientific papers. The aim of the present study was to study the features of endocrine status, hematology parameters (e.g., red blood cells (RBC) and hemoglobin (Hb)), and their influence on body composition and physical fitness performance in local young soccer players of the Aral Sea region as the territory of ecological disaster. The study involved 60 male soccer players aged from 18 to 22 years. Participants were divided into two groups: the experimental group (EG), which consisted of 30 soccer players living on the territory of the Aral ecological disaster region, and the control group (CG), which included 30 soccer players, natives of the ecologically favorable region of Uzbekistan. All volunteers had anthropometric measurements, concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), cortisol (C), RBC, and Hb count. Moreover, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRT1) and professional skills tests such as dribbling shuttle test (DSt) and goal accuracy test (GAt) were assessed. When comparing the CG group to the EG group, it was observed that the EG group exhibited statistically significantly reduced levels of TT and E2 (p < 0.05). No significant statistical difference was observed between the two groups in terms of IGF-1 and C (p > 0.05). Regarding hematological parameters, Hb, Ht, and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were found to be significantly lower in the EG compared with the CG (p < 0.05). Moreover, the distance covered in the YYIR1 test was found to be significantly lower in soccer players within the EG compared with the CG (p < 0.05). Additionally, it was determined that there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of DSt and GAt values (p > 0.05). Lastly, significant differences were observed between the EG and CG in terms of anthropometric characteristics (diameters, skinfold, and somatotype profile) (p < 0.05). The present study showed that the changes in evaluated characteristics might result from the complex influence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, the content of which is high in the environment of the Aral Sea region. The results obtained may help monitor the health of athletes living in an environmentally unfriendly environment.

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“…Height for age is one of the most comprehensive and widely used measures of overall long-term health (Johnston, 1986) and nutritional status among children (Strauss & Thomas, 1998;Waterlow et al, 1977). Also, children showing lower levels of physical development for their age are often delayed in their mental development as well (Hoddinott & Kinsey, 2001).…”

Section: Re Vie W Of the Liter Aturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growth is affected by diet, physical activity, and health status (Johnston, 1986), and transitory shocks such as droughts and war can affect children, causing reduced growth and thereby permanently reduced mental capacity, decreased productivity, and about a 10% reduction in lifetime earning potential (Alderman et al, 2003). Height deficits are established early in life and often persist into adulthood, with adolescence providing the only window of opportunity in which limited catch-up may be possible (Coly et al, 2006).…”

Section: Re Vie W Of the Liter Aturementioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor air pollution and child development in Indonesia: Stunted by the smoke?

Kim

Manley

Radoias

2023

Development Policy Review

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MotivationAir pollution in general, and indoor air pollution in particular, have been linked to severe, acute ill health. Less attention has been paid to long‐term outcomes such as stunting (height for age).PurposeDoes reduced air pollution inside the home resulting from burning cleaner fuels affect child development?Methods and approachWe compare stunting of persons aged under 20 years in households with and without clean stoves between 1997 and 2000. Data come from the Indonesian Family Life Survey, a repeat survey which includes over 30,000 respondents. We model relations by regression; correcting for endogeneity (wealth affects both health and choice of stove) and confounders by using instrumental variables.FindingsUsing a clean stove leads to a 0.28 stadard deviation reduction in stunting. The result is significant and consistent across specifications; the estimate is double the size of estimates that do not address the endogeneity of wealth.Policy implicationsPolicymakers should encourage households to adopt clean stoves and to use clean fuels. Public intervention is especially indicated in rural areas, where many households prefer to use cheaper, but polluting, stoves and fuels.

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Somatic Growth of the Infant and Preschool Child

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Age changes in some somatometric characters of the Assamese Muslims of Kamrup district, Assam

Age changes in some somatometric characters of the Assamese Muslims of Kamrup district, Assam

The Effect of Environmental Disasters on Endocrine Status, Hematology Parameters, Body Composition, and Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players: A Case Study of the Aral Sea Region

Indoor air pollution and child development in Indonesia: Stunted by the smoke?

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