Somatosensory deficits after stroke: a scoping review

Kessner, Simon S; Bingel, Ulrike; Thomalla, Götz

doi:10.1080/10749357.2015.1116822

Cited by 132 publications

(161 citation statements)

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“…Clinical studies have shown impaired social cognition [59,60], memory deficits [61] and somatosensory deficits [62], which may influence overall functional recovery. Functional recovery is most rapid early after stroke, which is typically considered ≤3 months for humans and ≤1 month for rodents [63].…”

Section: Cells and Significant Increases In Cd4+ T Cells And Cd8+ T mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Stroke Induces Chronic Gut Dysbiosis and Neuroinflammation in Male Mice

Brichacek¹,

Nwafor²,

Benkovic³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Recent literature implicates gut epithelia mucosa and intestinal microbiota as important players in post-stroke morbidity and mortality. As most studies have focused on the acute effects of stroke on gut dysbiosis, our study objective was to measure chronic, longitudinal changes in the gut microbiota and intestinal pathology following ischemic stroke. We hypothesized that mice with experimental ischemic stroke would exhibit chronic gut dysbiosis and intestinal pathology up to 36 days post-stroke compared to sham controls. Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to 60 minutes of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) or sham surgery. To determine the long-term effects of tMCAO on gut dysbiosis, fecal boli were collected pre- and post-tMCAO on days 0, 3, 14, and 28. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrate significant differences in abundance among Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes taxa at the phylum, family, and species levels in tMCAO compared to sham mice that persisted up to one month post-stroke. The most persistent changes in post-stroke microbial abundance were a decrease in bacteria family S24-7 and significant increases in Ruminococcaceae. Overall, these changes resulted in a persistently increased Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio in stroke animals. Intestinal histopathology showed evidence of chronic intestinal inflammation that included marked increases in immune cell infiltration with mild-moderate epithelial hyperplasia and villous blunting. Increased astrocyte and microglial activity were also detected one-month post-stroke. These results demonstrate that acute, post-stroke disruption of the gut-brain-microbiota axis progresses to chronic gut dysbiosis, intestinal inflammation, and chronic neuroinflammation.Clinical PerspectivesThe microbiota-gut-brain axis, recently implicated in several neurological disorders, remains largely unexplored at chronic time points post-tMCAO.Our results demonstrate chronic gut dysbiosis, prolonged behavioral deficits, and persistent cerebral and intestinal inflammation post-tMCAO in male C57BL/6J mice.These results suggest that manipulation of microbiota may help reduce poor outcomes after stroke and lead to improved post-stroke functional recovery.

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Section: Cells and Significant Increases In Cd4+ T Cells And Cd8+ T mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Stroke Induces Chronic Gut Dysbiosis and Neuroinflammation in Male Mice

Brichacek¹,

Nwafor²,

Benkovic³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Somatosensory impairment after stroke has been associated with impaired daily actions and activities, according to clinical and laboratory studies (Borstad & Nichols-Larsen, 2014;Carey et al, 2016;Kessner, Bingel, & Thomalla, 2016;Meyer et al, 2014). Somatosensory loss reduces control of hand movements (Jeannerod, Michel, & Prablanc, 1984) and of the fundamental pinch-grip-lift-and-hold task (Blennerhassett, Matyas, & Carey, 2007) and limits grip force control during object manipulation (Nowak & Hermsdörfer, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Somatosensory Impairment on Participation After Stroke

Carey

Matyas

Baum

2018

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

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OBJECTIVE. Our objective was to determine the effect of loss of body sensation on activity participation in stroke survivors. METHOD. Participants (N = 268) were assessed at hospital admission for somatosensory and motor impairment using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Participation was assessed using the Activity Card Sort (ACS) in the postacute phase. Between-group differences in activity participation were analyzed for participants with and without somatosensory impairment and with or without paresis. RESULTS. Somatosensory impairment was experienced in 33.6% of the sample and paresis in 42.9%. ACS profiles were obtained at a median of 222 days poststroke. Somatosensory loss alone (z = 1.96, p = .048) and paresis in upper and lower limbs without sensory loss (z = 4.62, p < .001) influenced activity participation. CONCLUSION. Somatosensory impairment is associated with reduced activity participation; however, paresis of upper and lower limbs can mask the contribution of sensory loss.

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“…Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov; Registration ID: NCT02565407; Date of registration: 01/10/2015; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02565407 Background Nearly two-thirds of stroke survivors exhibit forms of somatosensory or proprioceptive dysfunction (1,2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Robot-aided Somatosensory Training on Proprioception and Motor Function in Stroke Survivors

Yeh

Holst-Wolf

Elangovan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background- Proprioceptive deficits after stroke are associated with poor upper limb function, slower motor recovery, and decreased self-care ability. Improving proprioception should enhance motor control in stroke survivors, but current evidence is inconclusive. Thus, this study examined whether a robot-aided somatosensory-based training requiring increasingly accurate active wrist movements improves proprioceptive acuity and motor performance in chronic stroke. Methods - Twelve adults with chronic stroke completed a 2-day training (age range: 42 – 74 years; median time-after-stroke: 12 months; median Fugl-Meyer UE: 65). Retention was assessed at Day 5. Grasping the handle of a wrist-robotic exoskeleton, participants trained to roll a virtual ball to a target through continuous wrist adduction/abduction movements. During training vision was occluded, but participants received real-time, vibro-tactile feedback on their forearm about ball position and speed. Primary outcome was the just-noticeable-difference (JND) wrist position sense threshold as a measure of proprioceptive acuity. Secondary outcomes were spatial error in an untrained wrist tracing task and somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP) as a neural correlate of proprioceptive function. Ten neurologically-intact adults were recruited to serve as non-stroke controls for age, gender and hand dominance (age range: 44 to 79 years; 6 women, 4 men).Results – Participants significantly reduced JND thresholds at posttest and retention (F(2, 38) = 4.54, p = 0.017, ηp2 = 0.20) in both groups. A higher pretest JND threshold was associated with a higher threshold reduction at posttest and retention (r = -0.86, -0.90, p ≤ 0.001) among the stroke participants. Error in the untrained tracing task was reduced by 22% at posttest, yielding an effect size of w = 0.13. Stroke participants exhibited significantly reduced P27-N30 peak-to-peak SEP amplitude at pretest (U = 11, p = 0.03) compared to the non-stroke group. SEP measures did not change systematically with training.Conclusion - This study provides proof-of-concept that non-visual, proprioceptive training can induce fast, measurable improvements in proprioceptive function in chronic stroke survivors. There is encouraging but inconclusive evidence that such somatosensory learning transfers to untrained motor tasks.Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov; Registration ID: NCT02565407; Date of registration: 01/10/2015; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02565407

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Somatosensory deficits after stroke: a scoping review

Cited by 132 publications

References 99 publications

Experimental Stroke Induces Chronic Gut Dysbiosis and Neuroinflammation in Male Mice

Experimental Stroke Induces Chronic Gut Dysbiosis and Neuroinflammation in Male Mice

Effects of Somatosensory Impairment on Participation After Stroke

Effects of a Robot-aided Somatosensory Training on Proprioception and Motor Function in Stroke Survivors

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