Somatostatin-14 and -28: clearance and potency on gastric function in dogs

Seal, Andrew; Yamada, Tadataka; Debas, Haile T.; Hollinshead, John; Osadchey, B.; Aponte, Gregory W.; Jh, Walsh

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1982.243.2.g97

Cited by 77 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Somatostatin, which is widely distributed in the gastrointestinal tract, participates in the control of gut motility by exerting both inhibitory and stimulating influences. 27,28) Mosapride does not appear to affect gastric acid secretion. 29) The prokinetic effect of mosapride on gastrointestinal motor activity was somewhat different from that of cisapride.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Mosapride Citrate on Human Plasma Levels of Motilin, Gastrin, Somatostatin, and Secretin.

Nagano

Takeyama

2001

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Mosapride citrate (mosapride) (4-amino-5-chloro-2-ethoxy-N-{[4-(4-fluorobenzyl)-2-morpholinyl]methyl}benzamidecitrate) is a novel gastroprokinetic agent that enhances gastrointestinal motility by stimulating the serotonin (5-HT 4 ) receptor. 1) This agent stimulates acetylcholine release from cholinergic neurons in the gastrointestinal wall and may enhance upper gastrointestinal motor activity in the postprandial state in conscious dogs. 2) We previously confirmed that cisapride causes significant increases in the level of motilin, a powerful inducer of gastrointestinal motor activity, in human plasma. 3) This result indicates that the actions of cisapride are closely related to changes in motilin in human plasma. Cisapride is a nonselective 5-HT 4 receptor agonist 4) and mosapride is a selective 5-HT 4 receptor agonist. 2) Furthermore, both agents have been used to improve gastrointestinal motility functions. Their effects on gastrointestinal motility are mainly regulated by hormonal and neuronal mechanisms. Therefore we examined the plasma levels of brain-gut peptides, which regulate gastrointestinal motility.The gastrointestinal peptide motilin is found in specific endocrine cells of the upper small intestine of hogs. 5) This peptide strongly stimulates fundic pouch activity 6) and plays an important physiological role in intestinal contractility, particularly in the fundus and antral of pouch of the stomach. It is one of the most important factors controlling the regular occurrence of phase III interdigestive migrating contractions. 7,8) Gastrin was first detected in extracts of pyloric antral mucosa. 9) The most potent actions of gastrin are stimulation of both gastric acid secretion and antral motility. 10) Somatostatin is present in high amounts in the stomach. 11) This peptide inhibits the secretion of motilin, gastrin, and secretin, and it also inhibits gastric, duodenal, and biliary motility. 12) Secretin, first isolated from porcine small intestine, 13) inhibits gastric acid secretion, gastrin release, and gastrointestinal motility. 14)The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of mosapride on plasma levels of motilin-, gastrin-, somatostatin-and secretin-immunoreactive substances (IS) in healthy individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS SubjectsFive healthy male volunteers, aged 25-31 (median 28) years, and weighing 54-70 (median 65.1) kg, participated in the study. Each subject received information about the study's scientific purpose, which was approved by the Ethics Committee of Oita Medical University, and gave informed consent. No subject received any medication for two weeks preceding the test and no stimulator of gastrointestinal motility, except for mosapride, was administered to any subject during the study.Study Schedules Mosapride (Gasmotin tablets, Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan) was given orally as a single dose of 15 mg with water to the 5 volunteers. Two weeks later, placebo (lactose tablets) was given orally to the volunteers. Venous blood samples (10 ml) were t...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Mosapride Citrate on Human Plasma Levels of Motilin, Gastrin, Somatostatin, and Secretin.

Nagano

Takeyama

2001

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…Somatostatin participates in regulating gastrointestinal motility with motilin. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Somatostatin is the first of the gut regulatory peptides (to stimulate MMC-like activity) to have significant therapeutic use of its analogue. 28) Increases in somatostatin might correspond with gastrointestinal motor regulation including the acceleration of gastric emptying by this medicine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It participates in regulating gastrointestinal motility with motilin. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Motilin has powerful fundic pouch motor-stimulating activity, 15) and is one of the most important factors controlling the regular occurrence of phase-3 contractions of the migrating motor complex (MMC). 16,17) Gastrin stimulates acid secretion and gastrin release is mediated by various mechanisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rikkunshi-to Raises Levels of Somatostatin and Gastrin in Human Plasma.

Naito

Yasunaga

Takeyama

2001

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Rikkunshi-to, a traditional Chinese (Kampo) herbal medicine, is prepared from eight crude herbs: Ginseng Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Hoelen, Pinelliae Tuber, Aurantii Nobilis Pericarpium, Zizyphi Fructus, Glycyrrhizae Radix, and Zingiberis Rhizoma. This medicine was evaluated for its clinical usefulness in the treatment of chronic hypofunctions of gastrointestinal tract including gastric flatulence, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. Recently, those effects of Rikkunshi-to were proved to be based on increased blood flow to the stomach, accelerated gastric emptying, and improved gastric mucosal damage. 1-3)In recent reports, some Chinese herbal medicines used to treat those experiential gastrointestinal effects have been elucidated from the viewpoint of gut-regulated hormone levels. Among the medicines, Ninjin-to and Dai-kenchu-to regulated gastrointestinal motility. One of the factors of those effects was assumed to be due to causing increases in the levels of somatostatin, motilin, gastrin, and VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) in plasma. [4][5][6][7] Furthermore, the abnormality of gastrointestinal motility of non-ulcer dyspepsia as an indication of Rikkunshi-to was presumed to be caused by the obstruction of the automatic nervous system and by abnormal hormone levels.8) Therefore, we examined the plasma levels of gut-regulated peptides (somatostatin, motilin, gastrin, and VIP).Somatostatin acts as an inhibitor of hormone release. It participates in regulating gastrointestinal motility with motilin. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Motilin has powerful fundic pouch motor-stimulating activity, 15) and is one of the most important factors controlling the regular occurrence of phase-3 contractions of the migrating motor complex (MMC). 16,17) Gastrin stimulates acid secretion and gastrin release is mediated by various mechanisms.18) VIP is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system. 19) This peptide has a vasodilating effect and is an important neurotransmitter for the enteric nervous system. [20][21][22] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Rikkunshi-to on the plasma levels of somatostatin-, motilin-, gastrin-, and VIP-immunoreactive substances (IS) in healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODSMaterials Rikkunshi-to (EK-43, lot. 26L99), prepared as a 4.1 g dried powder extract in the following proportions: Ginseng Radix (4.0 g), Atractylodis Rhizoma (4.0 g), Hoelen (4.0 g), Pinelliae Tuber (4.0 g), Aurantii Nobilis Pericarpium (2.0 g), Zizyphi Fructus (2.0 g), Glycyrrhizae Radix (1.0 g), and Zingiberis Rhizoma (0.5 g), was kindly supplied by Kanebo Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). An additive, consisting of EK-43, was used as a placebo. Synthetic somatostatin, porcine motilin, human gastrin I (G17), and VIP were purchased from Peptide Institute, Inc. (Osaka, Japan). An antiserum to somatostatin was purchased from Cambridge Res. Biochem. (Cambridge, U.K.). Antisera to motilin (A602/ R1B), gastrin (A600/R1B), and VIP (A604/R1B) were purchased from Biogenesis, Ltd. (Poole, U.K.). All other rea...

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“…After centrifugation, the supernatant was collected, adjusted to pH 7.5, and lyophilized. Somatostatin content in these samples was determined by RIA using an antiserum (dilution 1:75,000) generated in sheep against synthetic somatostatin as described (61). For iodination, 100 pmol Tyr 1 -somatostatin (Sigma) was reacted with 1 mCi […”

Section: Rt-pcr Immunocytochemistry and Riamentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Regulation of Basal and Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate-Induced Somatostatin Gene Transcription in Neural Cells by DNA Control Elements That Bind Homeodomain Proteins

Schwartz¹

1998

Molecular Endocrinology

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Somatostatin-14 and -28: clearance and potency on gastric function in dogs

Cited by 77 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Mosapride Citrate on Human Plasma Levels of Motilin, Gastrin, Somatostatin, and Secretin.

Effects of Mosapride Citrate on Human Plasma Levels of Motilin, Gastrin, Somatostatin, and Secretin.

Rikkunshi-to Raises Levels of Somatostatin and Gastrin in Human Plasma.

Differential Regulation of Basal and Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate-Induced Somatostatin Gene Transcription in Neural Cells by DNA Control Elements That Bind Homeodomain Proteins

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