Somatotopic direct projections from orofacial areas of secondary somatosensory cortex to trigeminal sensory nuclear complex in rats

Haque, Tahsinul; Akhter, Fatema; Kato, Takafumi; Satô, Fumihiko; Takeda, Ryosuke; Higashiyama, K.; Moritani, Masayuki; Bae, Yong Chul; Sessle, Barry J.; Yoshida, Atsushi

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.05.065

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…A previous study has demonstrated that the orofacial S2 area projects somatotopically to regions in the trigeminal complex (Haque et al, 2012). The orofacial area of S2 cortex projects contralaterally not only to the Pr5 or the oral subnucleus of the trigeminal sensory nuclear complex but also to some levels of the trigeminal interpolar subnucleus and the Sp5C, with a somatotopic pattern in a dorsoventral direction and in a superficial–deep direction within all trigeminal levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the functional significance of S1 and S2 corticofugal projections to the trigeminal neurons are poorly understood. Anatomical results indicate that the orofacial S1 and S2 cortices selectively project to trigeminal nuclei, which may accurately modulate orofacial somatosensory transmission to higher brain centers (Haque et al, 2012). Nevertheless, the precise projection pattern from the somatosensory cortices to the trigeminal nuclei is not well established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corticofugal projections induce long-lasting effects on somatosensory responses in the trigeminal complex of the rat

Malmierca

Chaves-Coira

Rodrigo-Angulo

et al. 2014

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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The sensory information flow at subcortical relay stations is controlled by the action of topographic connections from the neocortex. To determinate the functional properties of the somatosensory corticofugal projections to the principal (Pr5) and caudal spinal (Sp5C) trigeminal nuclei, we performed unitary recordings in anesthetized rats. To examine the effect of these cortical projections we used tactile stimulation of the whisker and electrical stimulation of somatosensory cortices. Corticofugal anatomical projections to Pr5 and Sp5C nuclei were detected by using retrograde fluorescent tracers. Neurons projecting exclusively to Pr5 were located in the cingulate cortex while neurons projecting to both Sp5C and Pr5 nuclei were located in the somatosensory and insular cortices (>75% of neurons). Physiological results indicated that primary somatosensory cortex produced a short-lasting facilitating or inhibiting effects (<5 min) of tactile responses in Pr5 nucleus through activation of NMDA glutamatergic or GABAA receptors since effects were blocked by iontophoretically application of APV and bicuculline, respectively. In contrast, stimulation of secondary somatosensory cortex did not affect most of the Pr5 neurons; however both cortices inhibited the nociceptive responses in the Sp5C nucleus through activation of glycinergic or GABAA receptors because effects were blocked by iontophoretically application of strychnine and bicuculline, respectively. These and anatomical results demonstrated that the somatosensory cortices projects to Pr5 nucleus to modulate tactile responses by excitatory and inhibitory actions, while projections to the Sp5C nucleus control nociceptive sensory transmission by only inhibitory effects. Thus, somatosensory cortices may modulate innocuous and noxious inputs simultaneously, contributing to the perception of specifically tactile or painful sensations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticofugal projections induce long-lasting effects on somatosensory responses in the trigeminal complex of the rat

Malmierca

Chaves-Coira

Rodrigo-Angulo

et al. 2014

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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“…The primary (S1) and secondary somatosensory areas (S2) are somatotopically organized in the rat (Chapin and Lin, 1984;Brett-Green et al, 2003, 2004Krubitzer et al, 2011;Haque et al, 2012;Seelke et al, 2012). The barrel field, which processes whisker sensation, has been extensively studied and occupies the largest area in S1/S2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal profiles of dental pulp nociception in rat cerebral cortex: An optical imaging study

Nakamura

Kato

Shirakawa

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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Somatosensation is topographically organized in the primary (S1) and secondary somatosensory cortex (S2), which contributes to identify the region receiving sensory inputs. However, it is still unknown how somatosensory inputs from the oral region, especially nociceptive inputs from the teeth, are processed in the somatosensory cortex. We performed in vivo optical imaging and identified the precise cortical regions responding to electrical stimulation of the maxillary and mandibular dental pulp in rats. Electrical stimulation of the mandibular incisor pulp evoked neural excitation in two areas: the most rostroventral part of S1, and the ventral part of S2 caudal to the middle cerebral artery. Maxillary incisor pulp stimulation initially evoked responses only in the ventral part of S2, although later maximum responses were also observed in S1 similar to mandibular incisor stimulation responses. The maxillary and mandibular molar pulp-responding regions were located in the most ventral S2, a part of which was histologically classified as the insular oral region (IOR). In terms of the initial responses, maxillary incisor and molar stimulation induced excitation in the S2/IOR rostral to the mandibular dental pulp-responding region. Contrary to the spatially segregated initial responses, the maximum excitatory areas responding to both incisors and molars in the mandible and maxilla overlapped in S1 and the S2/IOR. Multielectrode extracellular recording supported the characteristic localization of S2/IOR neurons responding to mandibular and maxillary molar pulp stimulation. The discrete and overlapped spatial profiles of initial and maximum responses, respectively, may characterize nociceptive information processing of dental pain in the cortex.

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“…The trigeminal complex receives descending projections from various sensory cortical regions, including the somatosensory, primary auditory, and primary visual cortices [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. In addition to these sensory cortices, other cortical regions, such as the motor and peduncular cortical neurons, also send their axons to the Sp5C [45,52].…”

Section: Anatomy Of Descending Projections From the Somatosensory Cormentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical aspects of corticotrigeminal projections to the medullary dorsal horn

Kobayashi

Nakaya

2020

J Oral Sci

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Corticofugal projections to neurons in the medullary dorsal horn, i.e., the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis (Sp5C), are thought to play a critical role in regulating nociceptive information processing in the trigeminal nervous system. The Sp5C consists of 5 layers, each of which exhibits its own characteristic features of cellular organization. Therefore, the layers receiving corticofugal projections must be identified when discussing the role of the cerebral cortex in nociception arising from the trigeminal nerve. It is also necessary to discriminate between layers of the Sp5C where corticofugal projections terminate, because the Sp5C involves glutamatergic neurons and GABAergic/glycinergic neurons, which correspond to excitatory and inhibitory neurons, respectively. This review summarizes descending projections from the cerebral cortex, including the primary and secondary somatosensory and insular cortices, to the Sp5C.

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Somatotopic direct projections from orofacial areas of secondary somatosensory cortex to trigeminal sensory nuclear complex in rats

Cited by 17 publications

References 106 publications

Corticofugal projections induce long-lasting effects on somatosensory responses in the trigeminal complex of the rat

Corticofugal projections induce long-lasting effects on somatosensory responses in the trigeminal complex of the rat

Spatiotemporal profiles of dental pulp nociception in rat cerebral cortex: An optical imaging study

Anatomical aspects of corticotrigeminal projections to the medullary dorsal horn

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