Some Approaches to the Research of Forest Soils Affected by Acidification in the Czech Republic

Borůvka, Luboš; Podrázský, Vílém; Mládková, Lenka; Kuneš, I.; Drábek, Ondřej

doi:10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00105.x

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Similar soil conditions, like in the Orlické hory Mts., were reported in the Krkonoše Mts. (Matějka et al, 2010) and in other mountainous areas of the Sudeten system in the Czech Republic (Borůvka et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics and structure of mountain autochthonous spruce-beech forests: impact of hilltop phenomenon, air pollutants and climate

Králíček¹,

Vacek²,

Vacek³

et al. 2017

Dendrobiology

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Mountain forests are strongly influenced by the extreme climate, short growing season and stress from environmental pollution and lower fertility of soils. The paper analyses the effect of the environment (climate and air pollutants) on the structure, production and dynamics of autochthonous spruce-beech forest stands in protected areas in the summit parts of the Orlické hory Mts., Czech Republic. The spatial pattern of tree layer was random in lower parts below the summit and aggregated under the hilltop phenomenon on an extreme edaphic site, such as aggregated horizontal structure of natural regeneration. In most cases, the relationship between the spatial pattern of tree layer and natural regeneration was significantly negative (α = 0.05) at a smaller distance (from stem to 0.6-6.1 m) except stands under the strong hilltop phenomenon (positive effect to 2.1 m). The stand density ranged from 440 to 760 trees ha -1 and the number of natural regeneration was 4 584-6 360 recruits ha -1. Dominant height decreased with increasing influence of hilltop phenomenon (P < 0.001). The volume of live trees was 239-536 m 3 ha -1. The radial growth of dominant European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) indicated a relatively balanced long-term trend of tree-ring width in 1900-2014, but diameter increment of admixed Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst.) after 1978 significantly decreased (P < 0.001) and since 1998 radial increment in spruce distinctly increased. Radial growth of spruce was significantly negatively correlated with mean SO 2 and NO X concentrations, especially in April (P < 0.001), but there was no effect on radial growth of beech. Air pollution had a significantly higher negative effect on radial growth of spruce on the hilltop compared to the lower part of the hill. The correlation between radial increment and temperature was stronger than in precipitation for both species in mountain areas compared to lowlands. The hilltop phenomenon significantly influenced the structure of spruce-beech mountain forests. The lowest dynamics was observed in stands in middle slope parts compared to summit parts of the hill.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics and structure of mountain autochthonous spruce-beech forests: impact of hilltop phenomenon, air pollutants and climate

Králíček¹,

Vacek²,

Vacek³

et al. 2017

Dendrobiology

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“…The dynamics of natural forests could not continually take place without rather pronounced anthropogenic and biogenic disturbances (Vrška et al 2009). Nevertheless, disturbances caused by climate extremes, air pollution, bark beetles, windstorms or fires do not avoid natural forests (Borůvka et al 2005;Zielonka et al 2010;Král et al 2015;Bošela et al 2016). Among these disturbances the ungulates are considered as the most important driver of the metacommunity structure of temperate forests that is able to substantially influence the regeneration process and subsequently the forest development (Senn & Suter 2003;Suzuki 2013;Mattila & Kjellander 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and dynamics of spruce-beech-fir forests in Nature Reserves of the Orlické hory Mts. in relation to ungulate game

Vacek

2017

Central European Forestry Journal

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Knowledge of the structure and dynamics of near-natural mixed forests is a key factor for ecologically oriented management of forest ecosystems. The development of these model forests mostly takes place continually without any pronounced disturbances. Natural regeneration can be locally limited by ungulate browsing. The paper was focused on the structure and development of forest stands with emphasis on natural regeneration in relation to ungulates in Černý důl Nature Reserve and Trčkov National Nature Reserve situated in the Orlické hory Mts., Czech Republic. The case study was conducted in a spruce-beech-fir forest stand on four permanent research plots (PRP) of 0.25 ha in size. PRP are situated in the same stand and in comparable site and stand conditions, but two PRP has been protected against game by fencing since [1985][1986][1987][1988][1989]. The stand volume ranged from 478 to 565 m 3 ha −1 in age 143 -156 year. The results showed that the diversity of tree layer was higher by 19.8% (48.0% in species richness) in the stands protected by fence. In the phase of natural regeneration, the species composition, stand structure and number of recruits were poorer on unfenced PRP (7,990 recruits ha ). Admixed silver fir and rowan were completely eliminated by browsing (to 94 -100% of individuals). Growth analyses statistically confirmed that ungulates were a significant limiting factor for successful forest development (P < 0.001).

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“…The effects of Norway spruce increase with the time of cultivation (Hadač, Sofron 1980), and it was documented in many studies from the CzechSlovak region (Ambros 1990;Poleno 2001;Šomšák, Balkovič 2002;Šomšák 2003), they follow differences between natural spruce and beech forests to some extent (Vacek, Matějka 2010). Large introduction of Norway spruce is considered also as one cause of broad acidification of the forest environment (Borůvka et al 2005;Oulehle, Hruška 2005 (Ferron, Douglas 2010;Larson 2010) for its fast growth and technical characteristics of very valuable timber. Also in the Czech conditions, it was recognized as the most productive species (Kantor et al 2001a, b;Martiník 2003;Martiník, Kantor 2007;Kantor 2008;Kantor, Mareš 2009;Podrázský et al 2009;Remeš et al 2010) with relatively favourable effects on the forest soil -at least comparing to native conifers (Podrázský et al 2002(Podrázský et al , 2009Podrázský, Remeš 2008;Menšík et al 2009;Podrázský, Kupka 2011).…”

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Soil-forming effect of Douglas fir at lower altitudes - a case study

Kupka¹,

Podrázský²,

Kubeček³

2013

J. For. Sci.

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Forest ecosystem and in particular forest soil biodiversity and stability could be jeopardised by the impropriate tree species composition. Douglas fir is a species which has a high potential in Europe both from economic and biodiversity aspects of forest management. A more detailed analysis of Douglas fir effects on the humus forms and forest soil under different conditions is needed to evaluate the future use of this species in central European forests. The study plots cover acid sites with natural hardwood, spruce monoculture and Douglas fir stands. The soil analysis proved favourable effects of this species on soil chemistry, organic matter as well as nutrient dynamics. When compared with domestic coniferous species, Douglas fir proved to have lower acidifying effects on upper soil layers and contributes to better humus forms, recycling nutrients more effectively and producing litter which could be easily decomposed.

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Some Approaches to the Research of Forest Soils Affected by Acidification in the Czech Republic

Cited by 25 publications

References 21 publications

Dynamics and structure of mountain autochthonous spruce-beech forests: impact of hilltop phenomenon, air pollutants and climate

Dynamics and structure of mountain autochthonous spruce-beech forests: impact of hilltop phenomenon, air pollutants and climate

Structure and dynamics of spruce-beech-fir forests in Nature Reserves of the Orlické hory Mts. in relation to ungulate game

Soil-forming effect of Douglas fir at lower altitudes - a case study

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