Some arguments in favor of a <i>Myriophyllum aquaticum</i> growth inhibition test in a water–sediment system as an additional test in risk assessment of herbicides

Tunić, Tanja; Knežević, Varja; Kerkez, Đurđa; Tubić, Aleksandra; Šunjka, Dragana; Lazić, Sanja; Brkic, Dragica; Teodorović, Ivana

doi:10.1002/etc.3034

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The number of analyzed pollutants in sediments tested in this study was limited; hence, plant growth could have been affected by the presence of non-identified pollutants, as well. Plant protection products could have been key toxicants responsible for observed growth inhibitions, bearing in mind the land use patterns in the vicinity of selected water bodies and high sensitivity of selected species to herbicides [41]. Similarly to our study, Feiler et al [42] recorded insignificant M. aquaticum growth inhibition in a highly contaminated sample, growth stimulation in slightly to moderately contaminated samples and high inhibition in the slightly contaminated sample.…”

Section: Test Of Natural Sedimentssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…When methods in ecotoxicological testing are developed, a lot of effort is invested in finding the most appropriate endpoint, as it is not rare that an organism's response to toxic stress varies depending on the parameter observed [41]. Usually, the most sensitive, ecologically relevant and least variable parameter is preferred and the relative growth rate of a parameter is favored over parameters measured only at the end of the test, since it takes into account the length of the test and makes comparisons between the sensitivity of different species and tests possible [28,45].…”

Section: Additional Growth Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A contribution towards improving the applicability of the Myriophyllum aquaticum sediment contact test

et al. 2019

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Background: Whole sediment contact tests provide realistic exposure scenarios, but the inherent properties of sediments may play a significant role in organism's response and interfere with result interpretation. Recently, a sediment contact test with a rooted aquatic macrophyte Myriophyllum aquaticum has been standardized. The present study aims to distinguish between effects of basic sediment properties and sediment-bound pollutants on M. aquaticum growth and evaluate the method as a tool in sediment quality assessment. Tests with artificial sediments with different organic matter, sand and clay content, as well as freshwater sediments with different levels of contamination were conducted. Results: Results were based on comparison to the standard artificial control sediment. Organic matter content and grain size distribution in different variants of artificial sediments significantly affected M. aquaticum growth. Growth was impaired in formulations with low (1%) and high (10%) organic matter content, while better growth of plants compared to control was recorded in artificial samples with higher fine particles content. Because of the presence of unmeasured pollutants in freshwater sediments and inherent sediment properties, results of the M. aquaticum sediment contact tests were not always in accordance with the results of chemical analysis. Whorl, shoot and root parameters had different variability and showed a particular growth pattern in natural sediments. If the threshold of 20% for sediment toxicity is applied, then about 60% of tested natural sediments may be considered as toxic. As sediment structure may influence plant growth, this interpretation may be false as the physico-chemical properties of the control sediment used for comparison are considerably different from the properties of natural sediments. Conclusions: Since inherent properties showed a significant effect on plant growth, the use of suitable controls more similar to tested natural sediments is advisable. To avoid over-, but also under-estimations, the use of the strict toxicity threshold of 20% or even higher inhibition for this test can be recommended, provided the statistical power of the test is high. The results of this study might contribute to the ongoing process of including effect-based methods in water quality monitoring under the Water Framework Directive.

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Section: Test Of Natural Sedimentssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Additional Growth Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A contribution towards improving the applicability of the Myriophyllum aquaticum sediment contact test

et al. 2019

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“…This might also hold for Myriophyllum aquaticum growing in mediumonly tests in which a sediment layer is missing (see data in Teodorovi c et al [6]). However, sediment-rooted macrophytes might exhibit linear instead of logistic growth and therefore do not always show a large difference between E r Cx and E b Cx (see data in Tuni c et al [7]). Up to the present, it has not been known whether the E r C50 and the use of an assessment factor of 10 provides sufficient protection in the tier-1 effect assessment for herbicides in general [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the tier‐1 effect assessment for herbicides protective for aquatic algae and vascular plant communities?

Wijngaarden

Arts

2017

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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In the aquatic tier-1 effect assessment for plant protection products with an herbicidal mode of action in Europe, it is usually algae and/or vascular plants that determine the environmental risks. This tier includes tests with at least 2 algae and 1 macrophyte (Lemna). Although such tests are considered to be of a chronic nature (based on the duration of the test in relation to the life cycle of the organism), the measurement endpoints derived from the laboratory tests with plants (including algae) and used in the first-tier effect assessment for herbicides are acute effect concentrations affecting 50% of the test organisms (EC50 values) and not no-observed-effect concentrations (NOECs) or effect concentrations affecting 10% of the test organisms (EC10) values. Other European legislative frameworks (e.g., the Water Framework Directive) use EC10 values. The present study contributes to a validation of the tiered herbicide risk assessment approach by comparing the standard first-tier effect assessment with results of microcosm and mesocosm studies. We evaluated EC50 and EC10 values for standard test algae and macrophytes based on either the growth rate endpoint (E r C50) or the lowest available endpoint for growth rate or biomass/yield (E r /E y C50). These values were compared with the regulatory acceptable concentrations for the threshold option as derived from microcosm and mesocosm studies. For these studies, protection is maintained if growth rate is taken as the regulatory endpoint instead of the lowest value of either growth rate or biomass/yield in conjunction with the standard assessment factor of 10. Based on a limited data set of 14 herbicides, we did not identify a need to change the current practice. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:175-183. C 2017 SETAC

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“…EC 50 >1 mg/l) (EFSA, 2013). Literature reviewing regarding this topic indicates that better protection goals are reached by this decision since a universally most sensitive species does not exist (Turgut & Fomin, 2002;Teodorović et al, 2012;Tunić et al, 2015;Stevanović et al, 2016). Studies of herbicide effects on outdoor ponds found no direct adverse effect on the invertebrate community, but indicated that long-term changes in macrophyte populations could cause longterm adverse effects on inverbrate community structure (Burdett et al, 2001).…”

Section: Herbicide Effects On Aquatic Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicides in surface water bodies - behaviour, effects on aquatic organisms and risk assessment

Stevanović

Gašić

2019

PESTIC PHYTOMED

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Pesticides play a very important role in reducing losses and maintaining quality in crop production. Although positive effects of pesticide use are undeniable, adverse effects are frequent. This has led to a comprehensive reevaluation of the benefits of pesticide use and potential adverse effects on human health and the environment before placing them on the market. The fact that pesticides are designed to be toxic and are deliberately introduced into the environment, makes them a very important and strictly regulated group of pollutants. The most commonly used group of pesticides are herbicides, and their detection in surface water bodies has been repeatedly reported. In spite of being designed to be toxic to target species, adverse effects on other inhabitants of aquatic environments have also been observed. In order to prevent negative environmental effects, the registration process for active substances and plant protection products involves predictive environmental risk assessments (ERA). Reliable assessment of long-term effects on non-target species, natural populations and ecosystems is a priority and ERA process is constantly being improved. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. III46008]

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Some arguments in favor of a Myriophyllum aquaticum growth inhibition test in a water–sediment system as an additional test in risk assessment of herbicides

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

A contribution towards improving the applicability of the Myriophyllum aquaticum sediment contact test

A contribution towards improving the applicability of the Myriophyllum aquaticum sediment contact test

Is the tier‐1 effect assessment for herbicides protective for aquatic algae and vascular plant communities?

Herbicides in surface water bodies - behaviour, effects on aquatic organisms and risk assessment

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