Some aspects of biochemistry of myocardial infarction

Abstract

This review deals with biochemical changes in infarcted heart muscle. Two main topics are emphasized: changes in substrate metabolism and in myocardial nitric oxide (NO), and prostacyclin and thromboxane formation. Alterations in glucose metabolism in infarcted heart are discussed with special reference to its myocardial utilization in ischemia. The biochemical basis of the increase in NO and prostanoids and the relationship between the enzyme producing nitric oxide (NOS) and cyclooxygenases (COX) responsible for formation of prostanoids are described. The relevance of these findings to clinical conditions and to angiogenesis in heart muscle are stressed.

Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: Is there an association with coronary or renal events?

“…Myocardial production of prostacyclin and thromboxane also increased [9]. There is a close relationship in infarcted heart muscle in time between activation of iNOS and production of PGI 2 and TXA 2 , suggesting an interaction between nitric oxide and activation of COX [9].…”

“…Myocardial production of prostacyclin and thromboxane also increased [9]. There is a close relationship in infarcted heart muscle in time between activation of iNOS and production of PGI 2 and TXA 2 , suggesting an interaction between nitric oxide and activation of COX [9]. It is interesting that celecoxib, although interfering with myocardial PGI 2 production, does not interfere with the induction of iNOS and, therefore, fails to alter myocardial release of nitric oxide [6••,12,13••].…”

“…Myocardial ischemia is accompanied by diminution in oxygen supply together with restriction of substrate availability [9]. Within recent years, it has been found that nitric oxide, prostacyclin, and thromboxane are formed in infarcted myocardium [6••].…”

Metabolomic discrimination between patients with stable angina, non‐ST elevation myocardial infarction, and acute myocardial infarct

“…Despite some metabolic changes occurring in a myocardial infarction have been described , it may be of interest to compare metabolic profiles of different atherosclerosis stages to elucidate metabolic pathways of the process. For this purpose, a fold‐change filter was applied to simplify the data set and eliminate redundant information.…”

Isolated heart models for studying cardiac electrophysiology: a historical perspective and recent advances

“…The perfusate is also passed through a 5 μm filter to remove particles of impurities for the same reason. The lack of plasma proteins in the Krebs-Henseleit buffer solution results in a lower oncotic pressure than that of the blood [117]. This has the disadvantage of causing edema, as suggested by the increased accumulation of total tissue water [118].…”