Some aspects of the development of the Lower Stour, Kent

Coleman, Alice

doi:10.1016/s0016-7878(52)80024-0

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This lateral migration has also affected other southern English rivers during the Pleistocene, including the Thames (Hare, 1947;Wooldridge and Linton, 1955;Whiteman, 1992) and the Medway (Bridgland, 1985). It has been attributed to regional dip (Wooldridge and Linton, 19551, gentle regio-MI tilting (Coleman, 1952) and aspect (Gibbard, 1974). However, a relationship may exist between bedrock type and the pattern of fluvial migration and terrace preservation (Bridgland, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drainage evolution in south and east England during the Pleistocene

Gibbard

Allen

1994

Terra Nova

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Two major river systems operated in southern and eastern England throughout the Pleistocene: the river Thames and the Solent river. Both rivers are axial streams of comparable size draining major basinal structures comprising similar Tertiary and Mesozoic rocks. Although the modem Thames flows broadly W-E in the London Basin, upstream of Reading it flows from the north to drain the south Midlands. It was diverted to its present course through London by glaciation in the Anglian (Elsterian) before which it flowed across East Anglia into the southem North Sea. The Solent river no longer exists since most of its course was drowned by eustatic sea-level rise during the Flandrian Stage (Holocene). Previously, it flowed eastwards across SE Dorset and S Hampshire as an extension of the modem river Frome in the Hampshire Basin. During periods of low sea-level (cold stages) it was a tributary of the 'Channel River'. Fluvial aggradations provide evidence of the former courses of these substantial rivers and their tributaries. The facies and sedimentary structures indicate that the bulk of the deposits in both systems accumulated in braided river environments under periglacial climates. Fossiliferous sediments provide biostratigraphical frameworks. During temperate periods the rivers adopted singlethread courses. Evolution of both rivers reflect their responses to climatic change, local geological structure and long-term tectonic activity. Both rivers are undoubtedly of considerable antiquity, their records potentially extend from the Early Pleistocene or Late Pliocene, but they may have originated in the early Tertiary. Terra Nova, 6, 444-452, 1994.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drainage evolution in south and east England during the Pleistocene

Gibbard

Allen

1994

Terra Nova

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“…These are beyond the direct influence of the Anglian glaciation and so require correlation or dating to establish their pre‐Anglian credentials. The gravel at Fordwich is part of the ‘125 ft Terrace’ of the Great Stour (Coleman, ), which would appear to pre‐date the Boyn Hill – Orsett Heath Terrace of the Thames, although correlation is hampered by the submergence of the Thames–Stour confluence area beneath the modern estuary of the parent river. Nonetheless, an age of MIS 13–12 for the gravel, and thus latest Cromerian Complex for the industry, has been generally agreed (cf.…”

Section: Divisions Within the British Acheuleanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronological variations in handaxes: patterns detected from fluvial archives in north‐west Europe

Bridgland

White

2015

J Quaternary Science

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. (2015) 'Chronological variations in handaxes : patterns detected from uvial archives in north-west Europe.', Journal of quaternary science., 30 (7). pp. 623-638. Further information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Chronological variations in handaxes: patterns detected from fluvial archives in NW EuropeDavid R. Bridgland, Mark J. White ABSTRACT: The use of handaxe morphology as a cultural and temporal marker within the Quaternary Lower-Middle Palaeolithic record has had a very chequered history, and abuses in the past have led recent generations of archaeologist to reject it out of hand. In Britain, however, advances in dating Pleistocene sediments, setting their ages within a framework of ~11 glacial-interglacial cycles over the past 1 Ma, has revealed a number of patterns in technology and morphology that must be related to changing practices and cultural preferences over time. These are not predictable, nor are they linear, but nevertheless they may aid understanding of the movements of different peoples in and out of Britain over the past 500,000 years. It is also clear that such patterns are to be expected over a much wider region of the nearby continent, although they might not be identical, or even similar, to those established for southern Britain. This paper extends from explanation of the British patterns to an exploration of the extent to which something comparable can be recognized in neighbouring areas of continental Europe: a baseline for a planned collaborative survey of data from the Acheulean of NW European river systems.

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“…This resulted in a mixture of flint types being introduced, but with a dominance of large fresh nodules suitable for ovate production. Similarly, the down-cutting of the Kentish Stour to the Sturry Terrace Level (Coleman 1952) incised a valley through Chalk for the first time, thus injecting a new (and very different?) The materials used in the Upper Industry are pebbles, derived from this bed, on which small pointed bifaces were made -White 1993).…”

Section: Regional and Local Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The archaeology at Fordwich was recovered from gravels belonging to the middle division of the Third Terrace of the Great Stour (Coleman 1952;Smart et al 1966). Holmes (1971) interpreted this gravel as a solifluction deposit.…”

Section: Closest Viable Source(s) Of Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the concentrations may represent rafts of gravel emplaced en masse in a frozen state, similar to those observed at Sturry (Dewey & Smith 1924;Dewey et al 1925) at a lower elevation on the opposite side of the river. All of these sources probably contributed to the most likely source -the higher terrace gravels, described by Coleman (1952) as containing many large flint cobbles &C non-flint from various Tertiary beds, many of which are markedly elongated (pers. All of these sources probably contributed to the most likely source -the higher terrace gravels, described by Coleman (1952) as containing many large flint cobbles &C non-flint from various Tertiary beds, many of which are markedly elongated (pers.…”

Section: Closest Viable Source(s) Of Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Significance of Acheulean Biface Variability in Southern Britain

White

1998

Proc. Prehist. Soc.

110

111

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The significance of morphological variation in Acheulean bifaces has been a central issue in Palaeolithic research for well over a century. For much of that period interpretation has been dominated by culturehistorical models and it is only in the past 20 years that other explanatory factors have received adequate attention. This paper examines the combined role of several of these factors -namely raw materials, reduction intensity, and function -on biface variability in the British Isles, with special reference to the two major shapedbased 'tradition' devised by Roe (1967;. First-hand examination of bifaces from 19 assemblages suggests that final biface shape depends largely on the dimensions of the original raw materials and the technofunctional strategies designed to deal with them. Through these observations a new model is generated and tested. This suggests that the patterning in the British Acheulean simply reflects the nature of the resources available at a site and the hominid procurement and technological strategies used to exploit them. According to this model, well-worked ovates with all-round edges were preferentially produced wherever raw materials were large and robust enough to frequently support intensive reduction procedures, usually when obtained from primary flint sources. Assemblages characterised by partially-edged, moderately-reduced pointed forms were only manufactured when smaller, narrower blanks, that imposed restrictions on human technological actions regarding the location and extent of working, were exploited. Such blanks were usually obtained from a secondary flint source, such as river gravel. Thus, Roe's pointed and ovate 'traditions' are seen not as the products of different biface making populations, but as the same broad populations coping with the exigencies of a heterogeneous environment, using different resources in an adaptive, flexible manner.Sample size Foints-.Ovates (remaindercleavers)

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Some aspects of the development of the Lower Stour, Kent

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Drainage evolution in south and east England during the Pleistocene

Drainage evolution in south and east England during the Pleistocene

Chronological variations in handaxes: patterns detected from fluvial archives in north‐west Europe

On the Significance of Acheulean Biface Variability in Southern Britain

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