Some Characteristics of the Kissy Mental Hospital Population, Freetown

Dawson, John

doi:10.1177/002076406501100307

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“…With the West African agricultural Temne who have extremely severe socialization, higher levels of individual aggression have been traditionally displaced psychologically through social sanctions involving accusations against Temne deviants and non-Temne, while socially this process simultaneously ensures the higher degree of group conformity and extreme compliance needed for the survival in the agricultural village ecology (Dawson, 1963a, b). However, in the context of rapid social change, for the Temne, these higher levels of individual aggression tend to be mediated in terms of a socially approved motivation for economic, material, and educational achievement, although there is a higher incidence of individual psychoses among the urban Temne than among the less severely socialised neighboring urban Mende (Dawson, 1963a;1965). This process is held in turn to lead to an increasing acceptance and internalization of modern attitudes and values.…”

Section: Ecological Differences In Indigenous Sociaiiqation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ecology and Subjective Culture on Individual Traditional-Modern Attitude Change, Achievement Motivation, and Potential for Economic Development in the Japanese and Eskimo Societies

Dawson¹

1973

International Journal of Psychology

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L'auteur propose un modble thiorique permettant une analyse ditaillie des potentialitts i long terme que posskde une sociiti donnte dans le domaine du dtveloppement iconomique. Les variables indipendantes comprennent (a) 1' Ccologie et le systbme de subsistance qu'elle impose, (b) le type plus ou moins stvtre de socialisation, (c) la stratification sociale et la distribution de l'autoritt et (e) la nature de l'influence et des contacts modernes. Les effets de ces facteurs sont obscrvts sur les variables dipendantes suivantes : (a) l'attitude modemiste, (b) la tendance dominatrice, (c) la motivation pour le succifs et (d) le degd de tolirance. Ce modble a diji trouvt une confirmation partielle dans plusieurs cultures par l'ttude de la susceptibiliti B la modification des attitudes traditionnelle-s. I1 est ici appliqut & deux sociitts differant nettement sous certains des aspects cites : les Japonais et les Esquimaux #Alaska. Dawson (1963; 1969a, b, c) has presented a model which predicts individual susceptibility to attitude change on the traditional-modern dimension. This paper is a Japanese-Eskimo extension and test of this model. The study was designed to examine not only the effects of ecological differences on modern attitude change, but also achievement motivation, and potential for economic development as well.It is postulated that an effective analysis of the potential for economic development can be made by contrasting agricultural, pastoral, and hunting ecologies (for those societies where the traditional subsistence economies can be identified using the Barry et al. (1919) findings). The model includes the following independent variables : (a) ecology and related subsistence economy; @) type of socialization ; (c) the degree of stratification and presence of authority systems; and (d) the nature of modern contact. The effects of these independent variables 1 are then considered in terms of the following dependent variables : (a) susceptibility to traditional-modern attitude change; (b) dominance; (c) achievement motivation; and (d) tolerance for cognitive inconsistency. These variables are held to be related within a society to the society's long-term potential for economic achievement.T-M attitude change theory considers that persons exposed to conflicting traditional and modern cognitions tend to resolve inconsistency either by the development of adaptive compromise semi-traditional or semi-modern attitudes, or by such alternate modes of inconsistency reduction as occur with culturally more important attitudes, where peer-group support is provided by own culture members (Dawson et ai., 1971). The model also considers that there are marked variations in the extent to which individuals in different societies are susceptible to traditional-modern attitude change. The extent of susceptibility is related to achievement motivation and the potential for economic development. The variables are considered to stem from the following interacting independent variables : I . Nature ecological system : agricuitur...

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Section: Ecological Differences In Indigenous Sociaiiqation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ecology and Subjective Culture on Individual Traditional-Modern Attitude Change, Achievement Motivation, and Potential for Economic Development in the Japanese and Eskimo Societies

Dawson¹

1973

International Journal of Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Some Characteristics of the Kissy Mental Hospital Population, Freetown

Cited by 1 publication

References 1 publication

Effects of Ecology and Subjective Culture on Individual Traditional-Modern Attitude Change, Achievement Motivation, and Potential for Economic Development in the Japanese and Eskimo Societies

Effects of Ecology and Subjective Culture on Individual Traditional-Modern Attitude Change, Achievement Motivation, and Potential for Economic Development in the Japanese and Eskimo Societies

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