Some characteristics of three groups in Flammulina velutipes classified by analysis of esterase isozymes

Abstract

Analysis of isozymes was carried out against wild and cultivated commercial stocks of Flammulina velutipes to analyze their genetic differences. Esterase isozymes from F. velutipes showed many bands and variations among the different stocks on the gel. The stocks of F. velutipes in Japan were largely classified into three groups (tentatively named groups A, B, and C) according to the cluster analysis of esterase isozymes. Some characteristics of the three groups were examined. Group C was characterized by a larger spore size, slower spawn running, and a paler pileus color than groups A and B. Furthermore, group B showed a smaller spore size, slower spawn running, and paler pileus color than group A.

Some agaric distribution patterns involving Pacific landmasses and Pacific Rim

“…Further, F. rossica appeared in a small collection of Flammulina isolates used in a publication about variability in Japanese strains of F. "velutipes" (Nishizawa et al 2003;Hughes, unpublished data), from New York state (collection by Dr. T.J. Baroni), from interior Russia (Valdai Reserve in Novgorod Region), and, surprisingly, from northern Thailand (Hughes, unpublished data). Thus, the distribution of F. rossica is now widespread and not Asian or transBeringian.…”

Genetic variability among Pholiota aurivella isolates from a small natural populatio

“…Sing. (Nishizawa et al 2003), and genetic differences between wild strains growing on the same substrates have been studied within the context of the size of their inhabited territory in some wood-decaying basidiomycetes such as P. ostreatus (Kay and Vilgalys 1992), L. edodes (Chiu et al 1999;Fukuda and Mori 2003), and F. velutipes (Fukuda et al 2000). However, offspring derived from extensively cultivated strains may have increased in natural populations, which may be refl ected in the genetic variability of the natural populations.…”

Some agaric distribution patterns involving Pacific landmasses and Pacific Rim

“…More recently, the organism has been detected in western Europe as part of a small complex including F. rossica and F. elastica (Lasch) Redhead & R.H. Petersen, which appear to hybridize, at least in vitro (Hughes, unpublished data). Further, F. rossica appeared in a small collection of Flammulina isolates used in a publication about variability in Japanese strains of F. "velutipes" (Nishizawa et al 2003;Hughes, unpublished data), from New York state (collection by Dr. T.J. Baroni), from interior Russia (Valdai Reserve in Novgorod Region), and, surprisingly, from northern Thailand (Hughes, unpublished data). Thus, the distribution of F. rossica is now widespread and not Asian or trans-Beringian.…”