Some Chemical Studies of the Female Reproductive Tract and Seminal Plasma of the Male Turkey and Their Relationship to Fertility

Graham, E.F.; Schmehl, Manfred; Brown, K. W.; Crabo, B. G.; Ertel, G.

doi:10.3382/ps.0501170

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…with a mean of 134.8) were comparable to those of other fowl (Lake and El Jack, 1966;Hammond et al, 1964;Graham et al, 1971;and Brown, 1959). The result, however, was approximately one-half that of swine (281 mEq./l., Salisbury and Van Demark, 1961) and approximately twice the value obtained by Salisbury and Van Demark (1961) for sheep (62.4 mEq./l.).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Enzymes and Electrolytes in the Semen of Japanese Quail

Buxton

Orcutt

1975

Poultry Science

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Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) semen was collected at 10 a.m., 2 p.m., or 6 p.m. for four consecutive days during four consecutive weeks. All but the first day's collections were analyzed for sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide, H+ concentration, cell count, volume and total sperm number. A random sample was then collected for the analysis of amylase and another random sample was collected for the analysis of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). The activities of GOT and LDH in quail semen were approximately ten times higher than those obtained for larger fowl (chickens and turkeys) and mammals. While CPK levels have not been measured in other animals, its activity in quail semen is probably also high. There was a significant difference between the enzyme activity of the sperm and seminal plasma for GOT and CPK. The parameters of sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide, H+ concentration, cell count, volume, and total sperm number did not show a significant variation at the hours of 10 a.m., 2 p.m., and 6 p.m. Three of these parameters (cell count, potassium, and chloride), however did show significant variation during collection over three consecutive days, the chloride decreasing and potassium and cell count first decreasing and then by the third day returning to levels of the first day. None of the parameters followed the sperm concentration closely enough to be of value as an index of quail fertility.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…for Japanese quail is comparable to that for turkeys (8.02 x HP/cc, Graham et al, 1971) and bulls (2.0 to 2.2 x 10 9 /c.c, Salisbury and Van Demark, 1961). It is of interest that all of these sperm concentrations are at least twenty-fold higher than that of man (60 to 150 x 10 6 /c.c, Davisohn and Henry, 1969).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Enzymes and Electrolytes in the Semen of Japanese Quail

Buxton

Orcutt

1975

Poultry Science

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“…Furthermore, seminal plasma from B SQI males had a lower Ca 2+ concentration than that of P SQI males. Graham et al (1971) revealed that seminal plasma Ca 2+ concentration was negatively correlated with turkey fertility. In addition, Thomson and Wishart (1989) have shown that semen samples incubated in vitro at 30 + C have higher intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations and higher sperm motilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of heat stress and sperm quality classification on broiler breeder male fertility and semen ion concentrations

Karaca

Parker²,

Yeatman³

et al. 2002

British Poultry Science

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1. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of heat exposure on fertility, semen quality, and semen ion concentrations of broiler breeders classified on sperm quality index (SQI) before heat stress. 2. Cobb males (108) were individually caged in 6 temperature-controlled rooms. Each room contained an equal number of males from each of the 4 SQI population quartiles as follows: best (B), good (G), fair (F), and poor (P). Three rooms were heated to 35 degrees C, and the other three rooms were maintained at a constant 23 degrees C as controls. For each SQI group in each room, 15 Leghorn hens were artificially inseminated (5 x 10(7) sperm/hen) once a week for 8 weeks for fertility observations. 3. Body weight, sperm concentration, SQI, and fertility of P males were lower than in the other three SQI groups. Body temperature of the top three SQI groups was increased by heat exposure, but body temperature was not altered by heat stress in the P group. Fertility, sperm viability, and SQI of the top three SQI groups, but not the P group, was decreased by heat stress. Seminal plasma K+ of P males was lower than that of B males. However, seminal plasma Ca2+ concentration of P males was higher than that of B males. 4. In conclusion, high ambient temperatures had more impact on semen quality and fertility of males in the top 75% of the SQI population than in males in the bottom 25% of the population. In addition, calcium ions (Ca2+) appear to play a major role in heat stress infertility.

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“…Consequently, the common solutes secreted into the epididymis of eutherian mammals, such as inositol, phosphocholines, and carnitine, are not secreted into the quail ducts in significant amounts. The literature contains a number of reports on the composition of seminal plasma from the fowl and turkey collected without contamination by secretions from the cloacal glands [32][33][34], and these samples would be comparable to the luminal fluids from the distal ductus epididymidis in the present study. The fluids are similar to the quail samples regarding concentrations of Na (136-145 mM) and K (13-18 mM).…”

Section: Composition and Reabsorption Of Fluid And Solute In Extratesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Composition of Luminal Fluid Secreted by the Seminiferous Tubules and After Reabsorption by the Extratesticular Ducts of the Japanese Quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica1

Clulow¹,

Jones²

2004

Biology of Reproduction

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The present report examines the composition of luminal fluid in the seminiferous tubule (STF), rete testis (RTF), and ductus epididymidis of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). This subject is of particular interest, both because the reproductive ducts are intra-abdominal and because sperm production is more rapid in birds than in mammals. It was interpreted that micropuncture samples of STF contain varying amounts of contamination with intracellular solute, particularly K and protein. The concentration of solute in samples was correlated with packed cell volume (spermatocrit), and when the latter was used to assess estimates of solute concentration in STF, the magnitude of the estimates were much the same as determinations in RTF. Consequently, it is concluded that the fluid entering the rete testis of the quail is the primary secretion of the seminiferous tubules. The composition of RTF in the quail was determined to be 148 mM Na, 126 mM Cl, 9.8 mM K, 2.7 mM Mg, 1.4 mM Ca, 2.1 mM glutamate, 3.4 mM glutamine, 20.2 mM bicarbonate, 1.8 microg microl(-1) of protein, pH 7.34, and 310 mmol kg(-1), and it is significantly different from the composition of blood plasma. Estimates of solute output by the testis and reabsorption by the extratesticular ducts indicate, first, that most of the solutes secreted into the seminiferous tubules are subsequently reabsorbed from the extratesticular ducts and, second, that sufficient solute of testicular origin (except for protein) exists to account for the concentrations of solutes throughout the lumen of the duct system. Changes in the concentration of solute in the extratesticular ducts probably result from different reabsorption rates of solute and water. The composition of fluid from the distal end of the ductus epididymidis was 133 mM Na, 125 mM Cl, 25 mM K, 1.0 mM Mg, 0.3 mM Ca, 6.7 mM glutamate, 4.0 mM glutamine, 19.5 mM bicarbonate, 6.0 microg microl(-1) of protein, pH 7.33, and 335 mmol kg(-1), and it is significantly different from those of RTF and blood.

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Some Chemical Studies of the Female Reproductive Tract and Seminal Plasma of the Male Turkey and Their Relationship to Fertility

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Enzymes and Electrolytes in the Semen of Japanese Quail

Enzymes and Electrolytes in the Semen of Japanese Quail

The effects of heat stress and sperm quality classification on broiler breeder male fertility and semen ion concentrations

Composition of Luminal Fluid Secreted by the Seminiferous Tubules and After Reabsorption by the Extratesticular Ducts of the Japanese Quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica1

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