Some considerations on the correct measurement of the gain and bandwidth of electrically small antennas

Staub, O.; Zürcher, J. F.; Skrivervik, Anja K.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19980220)17:3<156::aid-mop2>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 44 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…In accordance with its geometry and size, the antenna exhibits a very uniform radiation pattern close to elemental dipole behavior, which makes it suitable for broad coverage applications. Finally, we performed a gain measurement [26] using two different reference antennas, a dipole and a monopole, which consistently gave a maximum gain of 2 dBi 0.2 dB.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniature multi-element antenna for wireless communications

Jofre

Cetiner

Flaviis

2002

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Abstract-We present a novel broad-band miniature antenna and employ it in a multi-element geometry with diversity capabilities for wireless communications. This antenna (diameter 0.2 and thickness 0.06 ) consists of two stacked circular patches that create two cylindrical slots resonating at two slightly different frequencies, fed by a strategically positioned coaxial probe. An extensive parametric study and results for a prototype working at 5.2 GHz are presented. A multi-element geometry with two or four of such elements follows. Microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based switches located within its geometry can not only change the working frequency of the design, but also activate a particular radiation beam depending on their specific location (resonant slot-aperture or feed line). Simulation results of a four-element antenna with dimensions 0 8 0 8 0 06and a frequency band operation from 5 to 6 GHz are presented and compared to an experimental prototype. Circuit and radiation characteristics are discussed in terms of reconfigurability and diversity capabilities.Index Terms-Broad-band communications, diversity methods, mobile antennas.

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Section: Characterization Of the Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniature multi-element antenna for wireless communications

Jofre

Cetiner

Flaviis

2002

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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“…The measurement cable easily becomes a part of the radiating structure, so instead of only the antenna, both the antenna and the environment are measured [4]. Techniques for avoiding these effects include the use of balun chokes to reduce the current induced to the measurement cable [5], [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty analysis of intermodulation-based antenna measurements

Hannula

Viikari

2016

2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

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Abstract-Intermodulation measurement principle has been proposed for characterizing transponder antennas. Although the method seems to offer certain advantages compared to traditional antenna characterization methods, the measurement uncertainty has not yet been well characterized. We aim at identifying the main sources of measurement uncertainty and estimating the achievable accuracy in a certain case at 1 GHz.

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“…Accurate measurement of radiation characteristics of radiating devices is essential in antenna study [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The general practice of antenna measurement is to use RF coaxial feed as a mean to interconnect antenna under test and measurement equipments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual‐band baluns for reducing the influence of feed cable in antenna measurement

Hsue

Lin

Chen³

2008

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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more accurate than those calculated using Stern's formula with a five times smaller mesh size.In Figure 7, for metal thickness below 50 nm, the propagation loss calculated by Stern's formula with a coarse mesh size ⌬ ϭ 50 nm becomes zero, which is due to its inability to simulate metal layers between two sample nodes. On the contrary, ST4 with the same order of coarse mesh can still calculate the SPP mode of thin metal film correctly. For metal thickness beyond 50 nm, ST4 achieves better accuracy in calculating propagation loss compared with Stern's formula for the same mesh size. CONCLUSIONWith the analysis of SPP waveguides for nanoscale optical devices in mind, a fourth order accurate FD scheme capable of simulating multiple material interfaces between nodes has been developed. The effectiveness of this formula has been validated by evaluating the eigenmode characteristic of 2D and 3D SPP metallic waveguides using the ID-BPM procedure. In comparison with other FD formulas, numerical simulation with a given accuracy can be obtained using far fewer mesh points with a corresponding reduction of the computational resources required. REFERENCES 1. P. Berini, Plasmon-polariton waves guided by thin lossy metal film of finite width: Bound modes of symmetric structures, Phys Rev B Condens Matter 61 (2000), 10484-10503. 2. R. Zia, A. Chandran, and M.L. Brongersma, Dielectric waveguide model for guided surface polaritons, Opt Let 30 (2005), 1473-1475. 3. J.A. Dionne, L.A. Sweatlock, and H.A. Atwater, Planar metal plasmon waveguides: Frequency-dependent dispersion, propagation, localization, and loss beyond the free electron model, Phys Rev B Condens Matter 72 (2005), 075405. 4. J. Shibayama, T. Yamazaki, J. Yamauchi, and H. Nakano, Eigenmode analysis of a light-guiding metal line loaded on a dielectric substrate using the imaginary-distance beam-propagation method, J Lightwave Technol 23 (2005), 1533-1539. 5. M.S. Stern, Semivectorial polarized finite difference method for optical waveguides with arbitrary index profiles, IEE Proc J 135 (1988), 56-63. 6. C. Vassallo, Interest of improved three-point formulas for finite difference modeling of optical devices, J Opt Soc Am 14 (1997), 3273-3284. 7. J. Yamauchi, M. Sekiguchi, O. Uchiyama, J. Shibayama, and H.Nakano, Modified finite-difference formula for the analysis of semivectorial modes in step-index optical waveguides, IEEE Photon Technol Lett 9 (1997), 961-963.

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Some considerations on the correct measurement of the gain and bandwidth of electrically small antennas

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Miniature multi-element antenna for wireless communications

Miniature multi-element antenna for wireless communications

Uncertainty analysis of intermodulation-based antenna measurements

Dual‐band baluns for reducing the influence of feed cable in antenna measurement

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