Some effects of low oxygen tensions on the distribution of the three‐spined stickleback <i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i> L. and the nine‐spined stickleback <i>Pungitius pungitius</i> (L.)

Lewis, David B.; Walkey, M.; Dartnall, H. J. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1972.tb05658.x

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…By examining the common assemblages, we see patterns that support the interaction between faunal filters and species functional traits (Tonn, ; Winemiller & Rose, ; Poff, ). Organisation of assemblage composition began with one of the most tolerant and the most widespread species, ninespine stickleback (Lewis et al ., ; Haynes et al ., ). This fish was consistently found in connected and disconnected lakes and was the sole fish resident in single‐species lakes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Their limited dispersal abilities and potential need for large amounts of overwintering habitat may ultimately restrict their distribution (Haynes et al, 2014). In contrast, ubiquitous species, like ninespine stickleback, exhibit few specific environmental requirements and are tolerant to extreme thermal and dissolved oxygen regimes (Lewis et al, 1972;Cameron et al, 1973). Not only can they persist in disconnected lakes but their ability to move through shallow, temporary corridors gives this species a colonising advantage for ephemerally connected habitats (Cameron et al, 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid negative effects of winter, some species migrate to suitable overwintering refugia like deep lakes, springs or estuaries (Craig, 1984;West et al, 1992;Heim et al, 2016), while others stay in place and tolerate harsh local conditions (e.g. Ostdiek & Nardone, 1959;Lewis, Walkey & Dartnall, 1972). At the end of the Arctic winter, the spring freshet inundates the landscape with water, maximising surface water connectivity in the hydrologic network of lakes, ponds and wetlands (Bowling et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface water connectivity drives richness and composition of Arctic lake fish assemblages

et al. 2016

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1. Surface water connectivity can influence the richness and composition of fish assemblages, particularly in harsh environments where colonisation factors and access to seasonal refugia are required for species persistence. 2. Studies regarding influence of connectivity on Arctic fish distributions are limited and are rarely applied to whole assemblage patterns. To increase our understanding of how surface water connectivity and related hydrologic variables influence assemblage patterns, we investigated species richness and composition of Arctic lake fishes over a large region, 8500 km 2 , of the central Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska. 3. We collected fish presence/non-detection data from 102 lakes and used a hierarchical multispecies occupancy framework to derive species richness and inform species composition patterns. Our mean estimate of regional richness was 12.3 (SD 0.5) species. Presence of a permanent channel connection was an overriding factor affecting species richness (mean 3.6, 95% CI 3.1-4.9), presumably driving lake colonisation potential. In lakes without a permanent channel connection, data suggest richness (mean 2.0, 95% CI 1.7-3.3) increased with the availability of in-lake winter refugia and with the potential of ephemeral connections during spring floods. 4. Fish species functional traits and environmental faunal filters contributed to patterns of richness and assemblage composition. Composition corresponded with richness in a coherent manner, where each successive level of richness contained several discrete assemblages that showed similar responses to the environment. Lakes with permanent channel connections contained both widespread and restricted species, while the species-poor lakes that lacked a connection contained mainly widespread species. 5. This work provides useful baseline information on the processes that drive the relations between patch connectivity and fish species richness and assemblage composition. The environmental processes that organise fish assemblages in Arctic lakes are likely to change in a warming climate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface water connectivity drives richness and composition of Arctic lake fish assemblages

et al. 2016

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“…As the winter proceeds and surface ice increases in thickness, the remaining water can be hypoxic, saline (due to the concentration of solutes; Salonen et al, 2009) and very cold. In general, small-bodied species require less oxygen, and both ninespine stickleback and Alaska blackfish can tolerate low oxygen concentration (Lewis, Walkey & Dartnall, 1972;Crawford, 1974). Ninespine stickleback also tolerate high salinity (Nelson, 1968).…”

Section: Wintermentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of lake occupancy by fish indicate different adaptations to life in a harsh Arctic environment

et al. 2014

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Summary For six fish species sampled from 86 lakes on the Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska, we examined whether lake occupancy was related to variables representing lake size, colonisation potential and/or the presence of overwintering habitat. We found the relative importance of each factor for a given species could be related to its ecology and adult size. The three large‐bodied migratory species, least cisco (Coregonus sardinella), broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus) and arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus), were influenced by factors associated with the likelihood of fish recolonising lakes, including whether the lakes had a stream connection. Of the large‐bodied species, least cisco had the highest likelihood of occupancy (0.52 ± 0.05) and models provided evidence that least cisco exhibit both migratory and resident forms. Models for small‐bodied fish differed among species, indicating different niches. Ninespine stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) were the most widespread and ubiquitous of the species captured (occupancy probability = 0.97 ± 0.01); they were captured in lakes that freeze to the bottom, suggesting that they disperse widely and rapidly after the spring freshet, including colonisation of sink habitats. Alaska blackfish (Dallia pectoralis) had a lower occupancy (occupancy probability = 0.76 ± 0.05) with a distribution that reflected tolerance to harsh conditions. Slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) had an occupancy probability of 0.23 ± 0.06, with a distribution indicating its marine origin. Based on these patterns, we propose an overall model of primary controls on the distribution of fish on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska. Harsh conditions, including lake freezing, limit occupancy in winter through extinction events while lake occupancy in spring and summer is driven by directional migration (large‐bodied species) and undirected dispersal (small‐bodied species).

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“…Multiplicity of hemoglobin genes has often been implicated in the ability of tolerating a wide range of environmental stressors (Borza et al 2009;Opazo et al 2013). The observed difference in the hemoglobin cluster between three-and nine-spined sticklebacks could thus be of potential biological interest if it is associated with the differing ability to tolerate lower oxygen levels in the two species (Lewis et al 1972). However, the possibility that this difference in gene copy numbers in the two species could partly stem from the differences in the quality of assemblies cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequencing of the nine-spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) provides insights into chromosome evolution

Varadharajan

Rastas

Löytynoja

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The Gasterostidae fish family hosts several species that are important models for ecoevolutionary, genetic and genomic research. In particular, a wealth of genetic and genomic data have been generated for the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), the 'ecology's supermodel', while the genomic resources for the nine-spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) have remained relatively scarce. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of P. pungitius consisting of 5,303 contigs (N50 = 1.2 Mbp) with a total size of 521Mbp. These contigs were mapped to 21 linkage groups using a high-density linkage map, yielding a final assembly with 98.5% BUSCO completeness. A total of 25,062 protein-coding genes were annotated, and ca. 23% of the assembly was found to consist of repetitive elements.A comprehensive analysis of repetitive elements uncovered centromeric-specific tandem repeats and provided insights into the evolution of retrotransposons. A multigene phylogenetic analysis inferred a divergence time of about 26 million years (MYA) between nine-and three-spined sticklebacks, which is far older than the commonly assumed estimate of 13 MYA. Compared to the three-spined stickleback, we identified an additional duplication of several genes in the hemoglobin cluster. Sequencing data from populations adapted to different environments indicated potential copy number variations in hemoglobin genes. Furthermore, genome-wide synteny comparisons between three-and nine-spined sticklebacks identified chromosomal rearrangements underlying the karyotypic differences between the two species. The high-quality chromosome-scale assembly of the nine-spined stickleback genome obtained with long-read sequencing technology provides a crucial resource for comparative and population genomic investigations of stickleback fishes and teleosts.

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Some effects of low oxygen tensions on the distribution of the three‐spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L. and the nine‐spined stickleback Pungitius pungitius (L.)

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Surface water connectivity drives richness and composition of Arctic lake fish assemblages

Surface water connectivity drives richness and composition of Arctic lake fish assemblages

Patterns of lake occupancy by fish indicate different adaptations to life in a harsh Arctic environment

Genome sequencing of the nine-spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) provides insights into chromosome evolution

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