Some Effects of Restriction of Chest Cage Expansion on Pulmonary Function in Man: An Experimental Study*†

Colin, G.; Butler, John; DuBois, Arthur B.

doi:10.1172/jci104070

Cited by 204 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The findings therefore indicate that a similar but milder restrictive effect may be produced with a backpack load of less than 10% BW. Caro et al (1960), Ghesquiere et al (1979) and Bauer and Kowalski (1988) have shown that chest strapping and spinal splinting produce a restrictive change in lung function in patients. The present study is, however, the first to demonstrate that the style of backpack strapping can also significantly affect lung function in a similar way, since there was clear and statistically significant evidence of greater chest restriction for SSB than for DSB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He found a small reduction of 2 -3% in FVC, but a larger reduction of 10.4% in MVV 15 associated with the lightest of three weights of body armour and suggested that tightness of fit may be important in determining these changes in lung function. Restrictive changes in lung function have been demonstrated with chest strapping (Ghesquiere et al 1979, Caro et al 1960 and the use of spinal immobilization devices (another form of chest strapping, Bauer and Kowalski 1988). Bygrave et al (2003) showed that the effect of tightness of fit of backpack on lung function is additional to that of the weight of the load alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of single and double strap backpacks on lung function

Legg

Cruz

2004

Ergonomics

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Carrying heavy and moderate military loads in backpacks or as body armour compresses the chest, causing a change in lung function that is typical of a restrictive ventilatory impairment. It is not known if a lighter backpack load of only 6 kg, such as is typical of loads carried by students, will have a similar effect on lung function. There have been no studies examining whether backpacks of different strapping styles have an effect on lung function. Several designs of student backpack have recently been introduced to the market. One of the most popular is a single-strap backpack. This study examined Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV 1 ), FEV 1 .FVC 7 1 % and Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) in 13 participants (4 males, 9 females) wearing each of two 6 kg backpacks, one with two shoulder straps (a Double Strap Backpack (DSB)) and the other with a single strap (a Single Strap Backpack (SSB)) worn across the shoulder and chest. In comparison with the control of no pack (N), SSB significantly reduced FVC (by 3.94%, p = 0.006) but there were no significant differences in FEV 1 , FEV 1 . FVC 7 1 % and PEF. The DSB also significantly reduced FVC (by 1.97%, p = 0.034) but no significant differences were found in FEV 1 , FEV 1 . FVC 7 1 % and PEF measures. In comparison with DSB, the SSB was associated with a significantly lower FVC (by 2.05%, p = 0.049) and FEV 1 (by 1.88%, p = 0.029) but there were no significant changes in FEV 1 . FVC 7 1 % and PEF. It is concluded that a backpack load of 6 kg could produce a mild restrictive type of ventilatory impairment in lung function. This effect was greater for a single cross-chest strap than for a more conventional double strap harness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of single and double strap backpacks on lung function

Legg

Cruz

2004

Ergonomics

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“…Makley et al (1968), among others, noticed the negative effects of the Risser cast in this respect. Experimental studies of the effects of restriction of chest cage expansion on pulmonary function are described by Caro et al (1960) and show the importance of satisfactory chest expansion for pulmonary function. The Milwaukee brace in the postoperative treatment for scoliosis has been reported by Blount (1958), but is not widely used in the surgical procedure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Volumes in Scoliosis Before and After Correction by the Harrington Instrumentation Method

Lindh

Bjure

1975

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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“…The static conditions under which the interdependence was assessed by NOBLE et al [289] do not represent the real environfment of the lung [297]. The viscoelastic lung parenchyma under dynamic conditions interacts with the airways very differently [298,299], and this should be kept in mind if the experiments of NOBLE et al [289] are revisited.…”

Section: Parenchyma-airway Interdependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Airway smooth muscle dynamics: a common pathway of airway obstruction in asthma

An¹,

Bai²,

Bates³

et al. 2007

Eur Respir J

344

298

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Excessive airway obstruction is the cause of symptoms and abnormal lung function in asthma.As airway smooth muscle (ASM) is the effecter controlling airway calibre, it is suspected that dysfunction of ASM contributes to the pathophysiology of asthma. However, the precise role of ASM in the series of events leading to asthmatic symptoms is not clear. It is not certain whether, in asthma, there is a change in the intrinsic properties of ASM, a change in the structure and mechanical properties of the noncontractile components of the airway wall, or a change in the interdependence of the airway wall with the surrounding lung parenchyma. All these potential changes could result from acute or chronic airway inflammation and associated tissue repair and remodelling.Anti-inflammatory therapy, however, does not ''cure'' asthma, and airway hyperresponsiveness can persist in asthmatics, even in the absence of airway inflammation. This is perhaps because the therapy does not directly address a fundamental abnormality of asthma, that of exaggerated airway narrowing due to excessive shortening of ASM.In the present study, a central role for airway smooth muscle in the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma is explored.

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Some Effects of Restriction of Chest Cage Expansion on Pulmonary Function in Man: An Experimental Study*†

Cited by 204 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of single and double strap backpacks on lung function

Effect of single and double strap backpacks on lung function

Lung Volumes in Scoliosis Before and After Correction by the Harrington Instrumentation Method

Airway smooth muscle dynamics: a common pathway of airway obstruction in asthma

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