Some effects of surrounding forest canopy architecture on the wind field in small clearings

Miller, David R.; Lin, Jin; Lu, Zhen

doi:10.1016/0378-1127(91)90208-d

Cited by 42 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In a wide forest shelterbelt, horizontal and vertical stand structures, described by the amount and distribution of trees in the shelterbelt, are proven to affect both the porosity (Zhu et al 2003b) and wind profile (Miller et al 1991;Mercer 2009). However, simple structural indices that are closely related to wind speed reduction efficiency have not been well identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Wang

et al. 2012

Agroforest Syst

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In a Metasequoia glyptostroboides coastal forest shelterbelt near Shanghai, China, we studied relationships between stand structure and wind shelter effect. We located 16 plots at intervals of 500 m along the shelterbelt and characterized both horizontal and vertical structure of each plot. Wind speed was measured within each plot and at different distances windward and leeward. We found that wind shelter effects were closely related to stand structure of the studied M. glyptostroboides shelterbelt. Stands with high basal area but intermediate crown index and intermediate proportion of large trees (LT) produced the best shelter effects, with significantly longer shelter distance (d70, shelter distance which the wind speed U does not exceed 70 % of U 0 ) and slightly lower minimum relative wind speed (U m /U 0 ). Simple structural indices that can be easily measured in the field were good predictors of the shelter effect. LT was the best predictor of d70, while basal area at ground level was the best predictor of U m /U 0 . The relationships between stand structure and shelter effect provides a practical guideline to the design, construction and management of forest shelterbelts. In order to provide the best shelter effects, high basal area of [50 m 2 ha -1 at ground level or[33 m 2 ha -1 at breast height coupled with an intermediate LT value of about 60 % should be maintained for the studied M. glyptostroboides shelterbelt.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Wang

et al. 2012

Agroforest Syst

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“…As a result of these changes, forest remnants are exposed to increased wind speed, turbulence and vorticity (Bergen 1985;Miller et al 1991). Winds striking an abrupt forest edge can exert strong lateral-shear forces on exposed trees and create considerable downwind turbulence for at least 2-10 times the height of the forest edge (Somerville 1980;Savill 1983).…”

Section: Wind and Fragmented Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of wind disturbance on fragmented tropical forests: A review and synthesis

2008

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Wind disturbance is an important ecological force in the tropics, especially in the cyclonic and hurricane zones from about 7-20°latitude. Damage from intense winds may be especially severe in fragmented forests because of their abrupt artificial margins and denuded surrounding landscapes. We review available information on the effects of windstorms on fragmented forests, synthesizing studies from Australasia, Amazonia and elsewhere in the tropics. Wind damage in fragmented landscapes can be influenced by a range of factors, such as forest-edge orientation, edge structure, the size of nearby clearings and local topography. We argue that wind disturbances are likely to interact with, and exacerbate, a range of deleterious environmental changes in fragmented forests. Among the most important of these are altered forest structure, shifts in plant species composition, exotic-plant invasions, reduced carbon storage and elevated vulnerability to fire.The damaging impacts of winds on fragmented forests could potentially increase in the future, particularly if global warming leads to increasingly severe or frequent windstorms.

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“…In addition, the edges of habitat remnants are exposed to increase wind speed, turbulence and vorticity (Bergen 1985;Miller et al 1991). Wind disturbance is an important ecological force in the tropics, especially in the cyclonic and hurricane zones from ca.…”

Section: Microclimate and Windmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest-climate interactions in fragmented tropical landscapes

Laurance

2004

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

259

184

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In the tropics, habitat fragmentation alters forest-climate interactions in diverse ways. On a local scale (less than 1 km), elevated desiccation and wind disturbance near fragment margins lead to sharply increased tree mortality, thus altering canopy-gap dynamics, plant community composition, biomass dynamics and carbon storage. Fragmented forests are also highly vulnerable to edge-related fires, especially in regions with periodic droughts or strong dry seasons. At landscape to regional scales (10-1000 km), habitat fragmentation may have complex effects on forest-climate interactions, with important consequences for atmospheric circulation, water cycling and precipitation. Positive feedbacks among deforestation, regional climate change and fire could pose a serious threat for some tropical forests, but the details of such interactions are poorly understood.

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Some effects of surrounding forest canopy architecture on the wind field in small clearings

Cited by 42 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Effects of stand structure on wind speed reduction in a Metasequoia glyptostroboides shelterbelt

Impacts of wind disturbance on fragmented tropical forests: A review and synthesis

Forest-climate interactions in fragmented tropical landscapes

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