Some experiences in gas turbine combustion chamber practice using water flow visualization techniques

Clarke, A.E.; Gerrard, A. J.; HOLLIDAY, L.A.

doi:10.1016/s0082-0784(63)80094-6

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The "no-drive" profiles exhibit a strong bimodal distribution, which for lie load weakens with leaning of the fuel/air ratio. This distribution is no doubt brought about by the core axial recirculatory flow of the bound toroidal vortex of the primary zone (Clarke et al, 1963). The acoustic drive tends to produce a profile of larger mean and somewhat flatter distribution.…”

Section: No Measurements and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

NO x Measurements for Combustor With Acoustically Controlled Primary Zone

Vermeulen

Ramesh

1996

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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Successful NOx measurements at the end of the primary zone of s small tubular combustor of conventional gas turbine design, employing acoustically controlled primary zone air-jet mixing processes, have been made at scaled 1/4 and 1/5 load operating conditions. Testing at 1/5 load significantly increased the effective strength of the acoustic drive which strongly improved the mixing by the acoustically driven primary zone air-jets. The acoustic drive caused partial blockage of the combustor primary zone air flow. This increased the equivalence ratio and the gas temperature, and made the gas temperature distribution more uniform, except for lean conditions at 1/5 load, in the plane of the NOx, measurements. This explained the measured greater NOx, “with-drive”, and the distinctly more uniform NOx, distribution which confirmed that mixing was acoustically augmented. The acoustically produced changes were greater at 1/5 load. The acoustic drive significantly changed the combustor operating characteristic so far as mean NOx was concerned, and under lean conditions st 1/5 load mean NOx was reduced indicating that a value of 10 ppm is possible (a 50% reduction).

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Section: No Measurements and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

NO x Measurements for Combustor With Acoustically Controlled Primary Zone

Vermeulen

Ramesh

1996

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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“…4) Test this nozzle/aft-dome with a model based on the preliminary ASRM grain design. 5) Test the final ASRM nozzle/aft-dome and grain design.…”

Section: A S Part Of a Program To Develop An Advanced Solidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of grain and aft-dome configuration on aft-end SRB internal flows

Waesche

Marchman

Kuppa

1991

Journal of Propulsion and Power

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A series of cold-flow tests was conducted to determine the effects of configuration on the aft-end internal flowfield of candidate Space Shuttle boosters. Initially, the effects of Reynolds number were studied in an extension of earlier water flow-visualization tests in a Vs-scale model of the High-Performance Motor (HPM). No significant change in the nozzle-inlet vortex formation previously reported was noted at higher Reynolds number. Changes in aft-dome contour, submerged-nozzle contour, and aft-segment grain design were then evaluated in the water tunnel to aid in the selection of a candidate grain and dome for the Advanced Solid Rocket Motor (ASRM). Models representing the grain at ignition and at 35 s into the firing were fabricated and changes in the flow patterns documented. Using a tapered-grain model with the HPM nozzle/aft dome produced more intense vortex formation and circumferential flows than when a nontapered-grain configuration was employed. Significant changes were observed when the first ASRM nozzle/aft dome was installed with the tapered grain; no circumferential flow was observed when the nozzle was in the unvectored position. In addition, dye placed in the base of the aft dome cleared this region more rapidly than for any other configuration tested. Tests with the redesigned ASRM nozzle/aft dome and aft-slot grain design indicated that this redesigned aft dome led to reduced circumferential flows. The effects of nozzle vectoring on flow character were far less marked with this configuration than for the HPM. These models were then tested in a series of cold-gas tests. Pressure, velocity, and turbulence intensity were mapped near the nozzle entrance plane and in the aft dome. The results of the cold-gas tests showed the same effects of grain/dome configuration as did the observations made in the waterflow tests.

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“…Known from literature (e.g., [12,13]), the mixing of water with dye is a good indicator for the fuel-air mixing in combustion systems. In addition, the results of the experiments are used in a numerical calculation to see if the mixing quality is high enough to assure a reliable SEC-process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Fluidic Devices for Mixing Enhancement for the Shockless Explosion Combustion Process

Bobusch

Berndt

Paschereit

et al. 2015

Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design

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Abstract. Fuel-air mixing is a crucial process in low emission combustion systems. A higher mixing quality leads to lower emissions and higher combustion efficiencies. Especially for the innovative constant volume combustion processes "Shockless Explosion Combustion" (SEC) the mixing of fuel and air is an important parameter, since the whole combustion process is triggered and controlled via the equivalence ratio. To enhance the passive scalar mixing, fluidic oscillators are investigated and compared to the standard jet in crossflow fuel injection configurations. The mixing quality of the different geometries is assessed in a water test-rig by making use of planar laser induced fluorescence. After a short introduction to the SEC-process, the test-rig and the different injection configurations are introduced. To verify whether the mixing quality is sufficient for the SEC-process, a numerical investigation using the experimentally determined unmixedness is conducted. It is not only shown that the fluidic oscillators are able to enhance the mixing quality and create an independence of the mixing quality from the jet in crossflow momentum, but it is also verified in a first numerical calculation that the achieved mixing quality might be good enough for the Shockless Explosion Combustion process.

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Some experiences in gas turbine combustion chamber practice using water flow visualization techniques

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

NO x Measurements for Combustor With Acoustically Controlled Primary Zone

NO x Measurements for Combustor With Acoustically Controlled Primary Zone

Effects of grain and aft-dome configuration on aft-end SRB internal flows

Investigation of Fluidic Devices for Mixing Enhancement for the Shockless Explosion Combustion Process

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