Some Factors Affecting Diapause in the European Corn Borer, Ostrinia Nubilalis (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Mutchmor, J. A.; Beckel, W. E.

doi:10.1139/z59-019

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Many such thresholds have been proposed in the literature (see Beck, 1980Beck, , 1983b for reviews), including some that are independent of photoperiod. Mutchmor & Beckel (1959) proposed a photoperiod threshold of 14.5-15.0 h light/day. Beck & Hanec (1960) reported a photoperiod threshold of 15.0 h for larvae reared at 26 ~ C and 15.5 h for larvae reared at 21 ~ Investigators reported later that the duration of the dark cycle, or scotophase, was actually controlling expression of diapause in ECB (Beck, 1980;Bowen & Skopik, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population consequences of diapause in a model system: the European corn borer

Ellsworth

Umeozor

Kennedy

et al. 1989

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The diapause biology of the European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Ht~bn.), is described based on natural and controlled environment studies of feral and lab-reared ECB's in North Carolina (NC). The diapause response is described as a function of photophase (h of light/day) as well as a function of larval age (instar) at onset of diapause-inducing conditions. A critical photophase of 14.4 h and a critical mean larval instar of 3.3 is found in the lab studies and supported by three years of insectary studies. Seven years of black light trapping of ECB moths in Goldsboro, NC, revealed the likelihood of up to four moth flights/year.Information about the diapause biology of this insect is used to explain both the number of flights and the relative magnitude of the final moth flights. On average, the majority of ECB lineages pass through three generations/year with early maturing ECB's producing a significant and predictable fourth generation. The timing and magnitude of the fourth flight can be partly explained on the basis of the critical photophase and the timing and age structure of previous ECB generations. In most years, the fourth flight is smaller than the third due to the majority of the fourth generation's predisposition towards diapause. However, in at least one case (1977), the fourth flight was unusually large and could be predicted by slight temporal shifts in the previous three flights resulting in the majority of the fourth generation larvae averting diapause. The value of the ECB-diapause interaction as a model system for the explanation and prediction of dynamic phenological events is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population consequences of diapause in a model system: the European corn borer

Ellsworth

Umeozor

Kennedy

et al. 1989

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Facultative diapause is induced at the larval stage by a short daylength and lowering temperature (Mutchmor & Beckel, 1959;Beck & Hanec, 1960). Facultative diapause is induced at the larval stage by a short daylength and lowering temperature (Mutchmor & Beckel, 1959;Beck & Hanec, 1960).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adzuki bean borer, Ostrinia scapulalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a multivoltine insect (one generation in spring and one or two generations in summer). Facultative diapause is induced at the larval stage by a short daylength and lowering temperature (Mutchmor & Beckel, 1959;Beck & Hanec, 1960). In nature, the fifth (last) instar of O. scapulalis cease feeding and enter diapause in late summer (August-September).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diapause on post‐diapause reproductive investment in the moth Ostrinia scapulalis

Win

Ishikawa

2015

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Diapause is a strategy used by many insect species to survive adverse environmental conditions. However, diapause incurs costs that may have adverse effects on post-diapause development and reproduction. We herein investigated the effects of diapause on the post-diapause reproductive investment of males and females in a multivoltine moth, the adzuki bean borer, Ostrinia scapulalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). We found that (1) post-diapause males and females were smaller and had lower mating success than non-diapause individuals, (2) post-diapause females had lower fecundity and shorter longevity than non-diapause females, (3) post-diapause males transferred similar numbers of eupyrene and apyrene sperm as non-diapause males, (4) the fecundity and longevity of non-diapause females mated with post-diapause males and those mated with non-diapause males were not significantly different, and (5) no significant relationship was found between diapause duration (short and long) and post-diapause reproductive investments in both males and females. These results suggest that post-diapause males did not reduce reproductive investment in spite of the cost of diapause, and the significant decline in reproductive output in post-diapause females was due to their reduced body weight and longevity, which appeared to be direct consequences of the cost of diapause.

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“…Photoperiod, temperature and heredity (races) are the main factors affecting the induction and termination of overwintering diapause for EBC (Onstad & Brewer, ). Its diapause is prevented by high temperatures (>24 °C) and day‐lengths higher than 14.5 hours (Mutchmor & Beckel, ). However, under a photoperiod of 12 h of light per day, temperature higher than 17.5 °C during the scotophase (night) will prevent diapause induction, due to an interaction between those two factors (Beck, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of climate change on Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) phenology and its implications on pest management

Gagnon

Bourgeois

Bourdages

et al. 2019

Agri and Forest Entomology

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1 Climate change can cause negative impacts to the agricultural sector by increasing pest damage to crops. The European corn borer (ECB) is a major insect pest of corn in North America. Its speed of development could potentially accelerate under a warmer climate, leading to an earlier development of the first generation and an increase in the number of generations per year. 2 The main objective of this study was to assess the potential impacts of climate change on ECB management for the future period 2041-2070 in Quebec, Canada, using bioclimatic modelling and climate analogues. 3 First flight of ECB moths could occur about 15 days earlier in the season in 2041-2070 compared to the reference period 1970-1999. 4 The window for insecticide interventions may be reduced under climate change by 15.6% to 27.8% for univoltine ECB and by 13.8% to 52.7% for bivoltine ECB. 5 Climate change could promote the development of an additional generation in the southern region for both races, considering temperature increases and factors inducing the overwintering diapause. 6 ECB management could become more costly both economically and environmentally under the future climate, and it should be revised according to the results of this study.

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Some Factors Affecting Diapause in the European Corn Borer, Ostrinia Nubilalis (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Cited by 30 publications

References 2 publications

Population consequences of diapause in a model system: the European corn borer

Population consequences of diapause in a model system: the European corn borer

Effects of diapause on post‐diapause reproductive investment in the moth Ostrinia scapulalis

Impact of climate change on Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) phenology and its implications on pest management

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