Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 1. Effect of feeding long-chopped and ground roughages

Taparia, A. L.; Sharma, V. V.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600029385

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Maize stover thus compares favourably to sorghum and millet as livestock feed (Suttie, 2000), including digestible organic matter, dry matter digestibility and crude protein content (Harika et al ., 1995; Oliver et al ., 2005; Osafo et al ., 1997). Compared to wheat and rice straw, maize stover also has reportedly higher crude protein and digestibility (Harika et al ., 1995; Taparia and Sharma, 1980). Table 3 compiles some reported values for crude protein and metabolizable energy of maize stover and wheat and rice straw in (sub)tropical countries and reiterates that maize compares favourably.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paradox of Limited Maize Stover Use in India's Smallholder Crop-Livestock Systems

Erenstein

Samaddar

Teufel³

et al. 2011

Ex. Agric.

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Cereal residues are an important feed source for ruminants in smallholder crop-livestock systems in the (sub)tropics. In many areas of India maize is a relatively new cash crop where farmers and development agents alike generally perceive maize stover to have limited utility, in contrast with the intensive feeding of other cereal residues in India and the intensive use of maize stover in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. A comparative assessment of maize stover quality (based on a brief review and a feeding trial) indeed confirms its potential as a ruminant feed according to its relative nutritive value. The paper then explores the apparent paradox through a scoping study of maize stover use (based on village surveys) in three contrasting maize-growing districts in India -including both traditional and non-traditional maize producers. The limited maize stover use appears to alleviate seasonal shortages, with tradition and technology helping explain the preferential use of other cereal residues. The paper thereby provides further impetus to India's apparent food-feed paradigm -whereby farmers' staple food preferences coincide with crop residue feed preferences. The paper argues the case for investing in maize stover R&D in India and thus reigniting earlier feed research in general. Indeed, maize stover use is a relatively neglected area by India's agricultural R&D and merits more attention so as to exploit its potential contribution and alleviate eventual tradeoffs. I N T RO D U C T I O NCrop residues are important sources of livestock feed in the (sub)tropics and often also have other productive uses such as fuel, construction material and mulch (Erenstein, 2002;McDowell, 1988;Rao and Birthal, 2008;Suttie, 2000). The relative importance of each use varies geographically and by crop, with the use of fodder tending to increase proceeding to the drier environments (Erenstein, 2003;Rao et al., 2005). Maize -or corn, Zea mays -is no exception, with maize stover being widely used across maizeproducing environments in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and Asia (Erenstein, 1999). Despite this prevalence, our understanding of maize stover utilization in these settings is only partial. Furthermore, despite its potential as a dual purpose food-feed crop, maize improvement efforts across the (sub)tropics have generally solely focused on enhancing grain production. ‡Corresponding author. Current address: Olaf Erenstein, CIMMYT, c/o ILRI,

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paradox of Limited Maize Stover Use in India's Smallholder Crop-Livestock Systems

Erenstein

Samaddar

Teufel³

et al. 2011

Ex. Agric.

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“…The procedure for measurement of intake was the same as described by Taparia & Sharma (1980a). The buffaloes were weighed at the beginning and end of each experimental period after a 14-h fast.…”

Section: Feeding and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A digestibility trial was carried out on three buffaloes of one of the two sets of squares in each experiment. and sampling of faeces and chemical analyses have been described by Taparia & Sharma (1980a).…”

Section: Digestibility Of Rationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 3. Effect of concentrate feeding on intake of roughages fed to lactating buffaloes

Taparia¹,

Sharma²

1980

J. Agric. Sci.

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Three experiments, each with six lactating Mehsana-Surti buffaloes, were conducted to investigate the effect of supplementary feeding of concentrates on intake of basal rations of berseem hay, maize silage or wheat straw and on the total intake of feeds in 3 x 3 latin square designs.In the berseem hay experiment, concentrate feeding at 16-8 or 26-1% of hay drymatter intake (DMI) resulted in a decrease of hay DMI by 0-77 and 0-65 kg/kg concentrate D.M., respectively. Intake of total digestible nutrients (TDN) and digestible crude protein (DCP) of buffaloes receiving concentrates in addition to hay were not different from those receiving hay alone. The possibility of some chemical factor limiting feed intake has been indicated for these rations in buffaloes. Supplementary feeding had a little effect on milk production.In the maize silage experiment, concentrate feeding at 14-5 and 27-7% of the silage DMI resulted in a similar increase of total DMI, thereby increasing the TDN intake and DCP intake. Appreciable increases in milk yield and solids-not-fat (SNF) content due to supplementation were noted, although milk-fat content tended to be low.Voluntary intake of rations comprising wheat straw fed free choice with three levels of concentrates at 28-7, 48-0 and 68-8 % of straw DMI was studied in the third experiment. Concentrate supplementation had little effect on straw DMI with the result that intakes of total D.M., TDN and DCP on the medium and high proportions of supplements were higher than those on the low proportion. The milk yield, of buffaloes receiving medium and high proportions of concentrates with wheat straw increased significantly over those receiving the low proportion of concentrates. The SNF and milk-fat contents were similar on all the three treatments. The implication of physical factors limiting intake is discussed in the case of maize silage and wheat straw diets.The lactating buffaloes failed to maintain their weights on either sole berseem hay or sole maize silage rations. Supplementary feeding helped buffaloes to register small weight gains on hay rations and substantial gains on silage rations. The buffaloes on wheat straw fed with three proportions of concentrates tended to put on a little weight. Multiple regression using pooled data of Expts 1 and 3 showed that the partial regression coefficient of metabolic body weight (kgW 076 ) on TDN intake was not significant but that of 6 % fat-corrected milk on TDN intake was, suggesting a close relationship between milk yield and food intake.replacement of basal roughage ration, response is likely to be low. Supplementary feeding of concentrates to lactat-Generally total intake of D.M. increases when a ing buffaloes receiving roughages as basal feeds is a basal ration fed ad libitum is supplemented with common practice in India for milk production. The concentrates. The extent of the increase in dryproduction response to supplementary feeding is matter intake (DMI), however, varies because the likely to be greater if the supplements increase the co...

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Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 2. Effect of feeding mixed diets

Taparia

Sharma

1980

J. Agric. Sci.

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Seven non-pregnant Murrah buffalo heifers aged 20-34 months and weighing 170-260 kg were used in a 7 x 4 incomplete latin square design to study the effect of feeding mixed diets on voluntary intake over a period of 84 days. Voluntary intake and rate of passage were determined during the last 10 days and digestibility of feed nutrients during the last 6 days of each 21-day experimental period.Maize stover, dry grass and wheat straw were fed ad libitum mixed with either a fixed quantity of berseem hay (MH, GH and WH rations, respectively) or concentrates (MC, GC and WC rations, respectively) to total co. 0-80% of body weight (BW). Berseem hay fed free choice mixed with limited (0-70% BW) concentrates (HC ration) comprised another treatment. The mean daily total dry-matter intake (DMI g/kgW° 75 ) and total digestible nutrient intake (given in parenthesis) by animals were 62-2 (1-94), 72-2 (2-20), 74-3 (2-30), 75-2 (2-94), 79-5 (2-59), 85-9 (2-78) and 88-5 (2-98), respectively on MH, GH, WH, HC, MC, WC and GC rations. The digestible crude protein intake on the HC ration was higher than on the remaining six rations. Feeding a fixed quantity of either berseem hay or concentrates resulted in lower consumption of basal roughages suggesting that the physical capacity of the gut limited intake.Dry-matter digestibility (%) and mean retention time (h), given in parenthesis, ) and 58-9 (66-0), respectively on MH, GH, WH, HC, MC, GC and WC rations. The digestibilities of D.M. and proximate principles, except crude fibre (CF), of the HC ration were higher than those of the remaining six mixed diets. Concentrate feeding tended to hasten the movement of digesta of the roughage portion of the mixed diet through the digestive tract. The longest mean retention and rumen retention times were associated with the highest digestibilities. The wheat straw-berseem hay mixed diet was as good as dry grass or maize stover-berseem hay mixed diets with regard to its nutrient intake and weight gain by the heifers. approximately equal to the maximal intake of the better quality roughage when fed alone. Hillman Under ordinary farm feeding conditions it is an (1969) observed that the total dry-matter intake accepted practice to feed a good quality roughage (total DMI) of animals fed silage ad libitum together mixed with a poor quality one or, where good with a limited quantity of hay, was increased when quality roughages are not available, to feed a compared with the intake of silage D.M. when silage restricted quantity of concentrates with the poor was fed alone. Similarly, Miller et al. (1965) also quality roughages in order to get optimum pro-noted higher total DMI of cows fed mixed forages, duction. Not much is known about the effect of one in fixed amounts and the other fed ad libitum feeding a fixed quantity of good quality roughage though intake of forage fed ad libitum was deon intake of poor quality roughages fed ad libitum creased. The addition of restricted amounts of and on total intake. Blaxter, Wainman & Davidson concentrates have ...

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Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 1. Effect of feeding long-chopped and ground roughages

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

The Paradox of Limited Maize Stover Use in India's Smallholder Crop-Livestock Systems

The Paradox of Limited Maize Stover Use in India's Smallholder Crop-Livestock Systems

Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 3. Effect of concentrate feeding on intake of roughages fed to lactating buffaloes

Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 2. Effect of feeding mixed diets

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