Some geographical components in population dynamics: Possibilities and realities in some littoral species

Lewis, J. R.; Bowman, R. S.; Kendall, Michael A.; Williamson, Phillip

doi:10.1016/0077-7579(82)90013-8

Cited by 78 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This larval distribution is responsible for spatial variability in settlement, at large and small scales, and has been attributed to factors similar to those already analysed as the cause of temporal variability (see , such as: (1) currents, wind patterns and topography (e.g. Underwood 1972, Hawkins & Hartnoll 1982; (2) regional differences in larval mortality (Lewis et al 1982); (3) spatial differences in rates of predation (Mileikovsky 1974);and (4) larval behavior through the formation of aggregations in the water column (Keough 1983). In this context, the importance of local hydrographic processes and larval behavior in the distribution of larvae in the water column has been recently highlighted (Jackson 1986).…”

Section: Larval Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 64%

Settlement of benthic marine invertebrates

Rodriguez¹,

Ojeda²,

Inestrosa³

1993

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

487

279

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Settlement and recruitment of benthic marine invertebrates are complex processes, determined by the interaction of biotic and abiotic factors which operate at different temporal and spatial scales. This review analyses the settlement process, attempting to integrate aspects related to different levels of organization (i.e. ecological-physiological-molecular). This is important because many factors that act at any of these levels and at different times can explain by themselves the patterns of settlement andlor recruitment of a large number of species. From an ecological perspective, progress has been made in the identification of causal factors of vanations in larval availability for settlement. Many physical and ethological factors that act during settlement have, however, not received much attention. Likewise, since the great majority of settlement studies have been carried out at restricted spatial scales, fewer works consider different biological and physical factors acting at different scales simultaneously. Settlement patterns are frequently inferred from recruitment. In this sense, a density-independent action of post-settlement mortality has been cons~dered as prerequisite for thls type of inference. This has, however, recently been challenged on the basis that settler-recruit and mortality-settler density relationships change in time. At the physiological-molecular level, different settlement-inducing chemical cues have been identified. Those cues have, however, not yet been characterized to understand better the signal transduction mechanisms involved in larval responses. It is likely that the nervous system is involved. The use of artificial inducers would be useful in studying settlement induction, until more effective natural inducers are isolated and characterized Although few studies have analysed the acquisition of competence, stages of larval development have been related to changes in protein patterns or enzymatic levels of the nervous system. An inopportune exposure of larvae to inducers may delay settlement and may even have a negative impact on growth and subsequent survival of juveniles.

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Section: Larval Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 64%

Settlement of benthic marine invertebrates

Rodriguez¹,

Ojeda²,

Inestrosa³

1993

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

487

279

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“…for animals: Lewis, 1964Lewis, , 1986Lewis, , 1996Lewis, , 1999Lewis et al, 1982; e.g. for algae : Dixon, 1965;Tittley and Price, 1978;Price et al, 1979;Todd and Lewis, 1984;Yarish et al, 1986;L .…”

Section: Origins Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of changing temperature on benthic marine life in Britain and Ireland

Hiscock

Southward

Tittley

et al. 2004

Aquatic Conservation

215

139

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ABSTRACT1. The coastal waters surrounding Britain and Ireland became warmer during the 20th century and, according to the UK Climate Impact Programme 2002 scenarios of change and other sources, average annual seawater temperatures may rise a further 28C or more by the 2050s. This warming is part of a global rise in sea-and air-surface temperatures that will cause changes in the distribution and abundance of species.2. Initially, there will not be a wholesale movement northwards of southern species or retreat northwards of northern species, because many additional factors will influence the responses of the different organisms. Such factors include the hydrodynamic characteristics of water masses, the presence of hydrographical and geographical barriers to spread and the life history characteristics (reproductive mode, dispersal capability and longevity) of species. Survey data over the past century show how organisms react to changes of the order of 0.58C, and in the last two decades, when sea temperatures have risen by as much as 18C, there have been significant local changes in the distribution of intertidal organisms. These past changes provide a clue to more extensive changes expected in the future if global warming develops as predicted.3. Where species affected by climate change are dominant or key structural or functional species in biotopes, there may be a change in the extent and distribution of those biotopes. Some, dominated by predominantly northern species such as the horse mussel Modiolus modiolus, may decline and reduce their value as rich habitats for marine life. Others, characterized by southern species, for example the sea fan Eunicella verrucosa and the alcyonacean Alcyonium glomeratum, may increase in extent.4. Using information on the life history characteristics of species, their present distribution and other factors, a key supported by a decision tree has been constructed to identify 'types' of organism according to their likely response to temperature rise. Conspicuous and easily identified rocky substratum species are good candidates to track change. Using the key, many species are shown as likely to increase their range northwards significantly. In contrast, fewer will decline in abundance and extent in the north. If, as anticipated, global warming continues, then species with distributions already accurately mapped, or being mapped at present, will provide baseline data to test forecasts.

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“…Other possible explanations for the lack of algal response are that: (1) Recruitment of these species may occur rarely, either because spores are not available every year or because sporelings encounter adverse biotic or abiotic conditions. Lewis et al (1982) note that recruitment failure or variability can be seen both at the geographic limits of a species' range and in areas where annual climatic variability is high. (2) Other sources of disturbance (besides Katharina) may remove juveniles or adults of these algae; these could include waves, freezing conditions, or other grazers that we do not observe at low tide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in strong interactions in the intertidal zone along a geographical gradient: a Washington-Alaska comparison

Dethier¹,

Duggins²

1988

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Identical and simultaneous experiments involving the removal of an abundant herbivore, the chiton Katharina tunicata, were performed in the low intertidal zone in Washington and southeast Alaska. While in Washington this manipulation resulted in dramatic changes in community structure, in Alaska there was little coupling between K. tunicata and other community components over the same 3 yr interval. A persistent intertidal kelp bed developed in Washington in the absence of K. tunicata, whereas in Alaska kelp abundance was highly variable, and unrelated to chiton abundance. This difference was probably attributable to the predominance of a perennial kelp in Washington and an annual kelp at the Alaskan site. Limpets declined in abundance following chiton removal in both regions, but the increase in abundance and diversity of other algae that occurred in Washington did not take place in Alaska. Our experiments show that the presence of a strong interaction in one region does not guarantee its existence in another, even if community composition is very similar in the 2 locales.

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Some geographical components in population dynamics: Possibilities and realities in some littoral species

Cited by 78 publications

References 10 publications

Settlement of benthic marine invertebrates

Settlement of benthic marine invertebrates

Effects of changing temperature on benthic marine life in Britain and Ireland

Variation in strong interactions in the intertidal zone along a geographical gradient: a Washington-Alaska comparison

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