Some Measurements in a Turbulent Circular Jet in the Presence of a Co-flowing Free Stream

Smith, Dale; Hughes, T. G.

doi:10.1017/s000192590000809x

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…When the discharge is released parallel to the ambient flow, a jet in a co-flow, the flow becomes a weak-jet. Studies by Antonia and Bilger (1973), Smith and Hughes (1977), Nickels and Perry (1996), Davidson and Wang (2002) and others showed that mean cross-sectional flow profiles remain approximately Gaussian, although the entrainment rates change, requiring a modification of the spread relationship. When the discharge is released perpendicular to the ambient, a jet in a cross-flow, the flow becomes an advected line momentum puff.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of oblique jets released in a moving ambient

Wang

Kikkert

2014

Journal of Hydraulic Research

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An experimental investigation is carried out to determine the trajectory, spread, dilution and cross-sectional flow structures of non-buoyant oblique jets released in a moving ambient, covering initial discharge angles from 10 to 90 • . For each angle, measurements of the side view and plan view integrated concentration fields are obtained. The double-Gaussian assumption is used to characterize the cross-sectional concentration profiles, which gradually change from the axi-symmetric Gaussian of the weak-jet region to the double-vortex pair structure of the momentum puff region. In the weakly-advected region, the spread is similar to that of the jet in a stagnant ambient, while in the strongly-advected region a new spread relationship is obtained based on the double-Gaussian assumption. The spread relationships are used in an existing integral model, resulting in predictions for the trajectory and dilution that are a good match for the experimental data in the weakly-and strongly-advected regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of oblique jets released in a moving ambient

Wang

Kikkert

2014

Journal of Hydraulic Research

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“…Initially he prepared for publication his earlier work on numerical solutions for high-speed laminar boundary layers over surfaces of varying temperature (184) and heat transfer measurements on surfaces exposed to high-speed turbulent boundary layers (185) . Meanwhile, he developed an interest in fluidics (186) and later became involved in the Department's programme of jet research (187,188) , of which more presently. Dogged by progressively debilitating ill health, however, his life was sadly all too short, his good judgement, fairness and dry Mancunian humour being greatly missed by all in the Department.…”

Section: The Department Of the Mechanics Of Fluids And Its Successorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schlieren images and pressure traverses from the Pannu and Johannesen notched nozzle experiments (221) indicated persistent trailing vortex pairs emanating from the notches, together with broad regions of low speed turbulent flow effectively shrouding the noise sources within the jets. Smith's involvement in this programme, initially with Hughes as mentioned above, began with experiments on sonic jets issuing into either still air or a co-flowing stream provided by the low turbulence tunnel (187) . Later experiments, in which flow from a notched nozzle issued parallel to the low-turbulence tunnel's airstream (188) , added further weight to the findings of Pannu and Johannesen (221) .…”

Section: The Department Of the Mechanics Of Fluids And Its Successorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Victoria University of Manchester’s contributions to the development of aeronautics

Ackroyd

2007

Aeronaut. j.

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This issue of the Aeronautical Journal celebrates the 50th anniversary of the foundation of the Honours Degree Course in Aeronautical Engineering at the Victoria University of Manchester. The following article therefore describes the aeronautical research and teaching activities of that university up to its recent amalgamation with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form the present-day University of Manchester. This juncture provides a further justification for recording the Victoria University’s achievements.Both the Victoria University and UMIST had their roots in the nineteenth century although, apart from the relatively brief period of the First World War, neither of them was particularly involved in aeronautics until after the Second World War. However, as Sections 6.0-10.0 seek to demonstrate, thereafter the Victoria University’s involvement became considerable. The preceding Sections describe the origins of the Victoria University and UMIST and, in the case of the former institution, the subsequent activities of its staff and graduates in engineering and mathematics which, although not always specifically aeronautical in content, nonetheless had a profound influence on the development of the aeronautical sciences.

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“…For compressible jets in a general stream, the governing equations are identical to those given in Equations (l)-(3) provided 6 is taken to be the excess temperature between the local fluid and that of the external stream, or 0 = T -T x . Equation (4) should be replaced by the perfect gas law which can be written in terms of 9 and p, under the assumption of constant pressure, as: (15) which is identical in form to Equation (4). The boundary conditions are the same as those given in Equations (5) and (6).…”

Section: Compressible Jets In a General Streammentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas jets in an arbitrary stream

Aksoy

1993

Aeronaut. j.

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Self-preserving turbulent flows in the farfield of binary gas jets in an arbitrary stream are investigated. The governing equations solved are valid for jet flows only and are not applicable to wake flows where a linearised set of boundary layer equations are more appropriate. Gaussian error-functions are assumed for the mean excess velocity and mass fraction distributions. Thus formulated, the eddy diffusivities for momentum and mass are evaluated by solving the governing equations and are shown to vary across and along the jet. A condition is imposed on the eddy momentum diffusivity so that it correctly approaches the limiting behaviour for the case of an incompressible free round jet. This condition gives rise to an auxiliary equation for the determination of the decay of centreline properties and jet growth. The new and more general auxiliary equation is shown to model fluid entrainment and to reduce correctly to previous equations derived for the special cases of free gas jets and incompressible heated jets in a co-flowing stream. Thus deduced, the new auxiliary equation is solved together with other conservation equations to yield a set of growth rate and decay laws. The derived growth rate and decay laws correctly approach the various laws derived earlier for different special cases and correlate well with experimental measurements reported in the literature. The present solutions also represent solutions for compressible jets in a general stream where the pressure field is constant. Finally, this approach of analysing the self-preserving mean jet flow is also applicable to the study of wake flows where the linearised boundary-layer equations are solved.

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Some Measurements in a Turbulent Circular Jet in the Presence of a Co-flowing Free Stream

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

Behaviour of oblique jets released in a moving ambient

Behaviour of oblique jets released in a moving ambient

The Victoria University of Manchester’s contributions to the development of aeronautics

Gas jets in an arbitrary stream

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