Some Metabolic Differences Between Thiobacillus thioparus, T. denitrificans and T. thiocyanoxidans

Woolley, Dean C.; Jones, G. L.; Happold, F. C.

doi:10.1099/00221287-29-2-311

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, low homology between these organisms indicate that they are distantly related to each other. "T. denitrificans" was differentiated from T. thioparus in the ability to denitrify in the presence of nitrate and the loss of the ability to grow anaerobically after serial aerobic subculture (24). Therefore, these organisms were considered to be separate species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxyribonucleic acid homologies among species of the genus Thiobacillus.

Katayama-Fujimura

Enokizono

Kaneko

et al. 1983

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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The DNA-DNA homologies were determined among 14 strains of 13 species in the genus Thiobacillus. DNA from Thiobacillus versutus (synonym "Thiobacillus rapidicrescens") THI 041 and THI 024 did not react with DNAs from other species of facultatively chemolithotrophic Thiobacillus. This supports our previous conclusion, based on chemotaxonomic and physiological characteristics, that "T. rapidicrescens" is a new species. Both strains of Thiobacillus sp. THI 011 and Thiobacillus sp. THI 051, which were isolated from an activated sludge enriched with thiocyanate, were considered to be new species. Thiobacillus acidophilus THI 061 was closely related to "Thiobacillus organoparus" THI 071 in their DNA-DNA homology, and THI 071 was considered to be a strain of T. acidophilus. "Thiobacillus delicatus" THI 091, Thiobacillus perometabolis THI 023, and Thiobacillus intermedius THI 101 were regarded as three distinct species on the basis of DNA-DNA homology and phenotypic characteristics. Homologies were low among "Thiobacillus denitrificans" THI 151, Thiobacillus thioparus THI 111, Thiobacillus neapolitanus THI 121, and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans THI 135. Therefore, these organisms were considered to be separate species. The DNA-DNA homologies supported the classification of the species in the genus Thiobacillus on the basis of the ubiquinone system in the respiratory chain, composition of cellular fatty acids, DNA base composition, and nutritional characteristics.Thiobacillus species are facultative or obligate chemolithotrophs require elemental sulfur or reduced inorganic sulfur compounds for their trophic growth. We found by chemotaxonomic studies (1) that the genus

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxyribonucleic acid homologies among species of the genus Thiobacillus.

Katayama-Fujimura

Enokizono

Kaneko

et al. 1983

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…Nitrate could be used as an electron acceptor by cells containing polyglucose, yielding nitrite; COa was the only product formed from polyglucose by these cells (Beudeker, de Boer & Kuenen, in preparation). Interestingly, some years ago it was observed that T. thioparus continued to produce nitrite from nitrate under anaerobic conditions even when the electron donor, thiocyanate, was not further oxidized (Woolley et al 1962). This implies that an alterna tive electron donor, which might be polyglucose, was oxidized during this period.…”

Section: [ 46 ]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology of thiobacilli and other sulphur-oxidizing autotrophs, mixotrophs and heterotrophs

Kuenen

Beudeker

Shively³

et al. 1982

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

101

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Recent studies on the ecophysiology of the obligate chemolithotroph Thiobacillus neapolitanus have given better insight into its specialization for an autotrophic mode of life. This appears not only from its high constitutive levels of autotrophic enzymes, but also from its possession of carboxysomes, which seem to be specialized organelles for CO2 fixation and concentrating reducing power. At the same time, these organisms are metabolically versatile with respect to nitrogen assimilation pathways, and during starvation are able to utilize endogenous resources such as polyglucose for carbon and energy. Studies on the facultative chemolithotrophs such as Thiobacillus novellus and Thiobacillus A2 have shown that they can grow mixotrophically on mixtures of inorganic and organic substrates, i.e. they can utilize these compounds simultaneously provided that they are growth limiting. Thiobacillus A2 displays a remarkable flexibility not only with respect to the organic substrates that it can utilize but, for example, also in the choice of various pathways for glucose metabolism. Competition experiments carried out between specialized and versatile thiobacilli strongly indicate that the ecological advantage of the versatile thiobacilli may lie not so much in their short-term flexibility, but rather in their ability to grow mixotrophically. Studies on most heterotrophic chemolithotrophs are still in their infancy. Promising progress has been made in the study of the physiology of Beggiatoa species. Renewed interest in the sulphur-oxidizing bacteria stems from recent findings about their role in food chains, and their possible application in industry.

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“…Tetrathionate accumulation has been reported for Thiobacillus thioparus (London & Rittenberg, 1964), T. neapolitanus (Parker & Prisk, I 953), T. thiooxidans (Okuzumi & Kita, 1969, T. denitrzjicans (Woolley, Jones & Happold, 1962) and T. novellus (Vishniac & Trudinger,I 962). Conditions necessary for polythionate accumulation vary widely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tetrathionate on the Growth of a Marine Thiobacillus

Murphy

Kornfeld

Tilton

1972

Journal of General Microbiology

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S U M M A R YThiobacillus sp. strain IV-85, an isolate from the marine environment, oxidized thiosulphate in two sequential logarithmic phases. Tetrathionate accumulated in the partially spent broth during the first logarithmic phase, and reached a maximum concentration at the time of transition to the second logarithmic phase. Tetrathionate added during the early first logarithmic phase caused a decrease in the rate of thiosulphate utilization similar to that observed after the transition from the first to second logarithmic phase. Bacteria harvested from the first logarithmic phase resisted 0. I mwcyanide which inhibited oxygen uptake by bacteria harvested from the second logarithmic phase. Rhodanese (thiosulphate : cyanide sulphur transferase, EC. 2.8. I . I) was detected in extracts of bacteria from both phases.Tetrathionate accumulation in the growth medium inhibited rhodanese activity, resulting in the transition of thiosulphate utilization from the first to second logarithmic phase. Murphy, Kornfeld & Tilton (1971) have described the biphasic utilization of thiosulphate by the marine isolate IV-85, a species of Thiobacillus. The effect of tetrathionate accumulation on thiosulphate utilization is reported here. I N T R O D U C T I O N METHODSThiobacillus sp. strain IV-85 was maintained in thiosulphate salts broth supplemented with 50 % synthetic sea water as previously described (Murphy et a/. 1971). For experiments, the organism was cultured in 1-0 1 medium sparged with a mixture of 3.3 % CO,, 10.5 % 0 2 ,Thiosulphate was determined by iodine titration using starch as indicator. Polythionates in the partially spent medium were detected by thin-layer chromatography on Eastman cellulose chromatogram sheets (Distillation Products Industries, Rochester, New York, U.S.A.) developed by an ascending solvent system of glycerol + n-butanol+ acetone +water * Present address : The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. N, and 64.7 % He at a rate of 720 ml/min and shaken at 20 "C.

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Some Metabolic Differences Between Thiobacillus thioparus, T. denitrificans and T. thiocyanoxidans

Abstract: SUMMARY Differences in behaviour of Thiobmillus thioparus, T. d.enitrijicans andT. thiocyanoxidans were found in growth experiments carried out in thiosulphate or thiocyanate containing media and using aerobic or anaerobic conditions. These differences were: T.

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Deoxyribonucleic acid homologies among species of the genus Thiobacillus.

Deoxyribonucleic acid homologies among species of the genus Thiobacillus.

Microbiology of thiobacilli and other sulphur-oxidizing autotrophs, mixotrophs and heterotrophs

Effect of Tetrathionate on the Growth of a Marine Thiobacillus

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