Some Observational and Modeling Studies of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer at Mississippi Gulf Coast for Air Pollution Dispersion Assessment

Yerramilli, Anjaneyulu; Challa, Venkata Srinivas; Indracanti, Jayakumar; Dasari, Hari Prasad; Baham, Julius M.; Patrick, Chuck; Young, John H.; Hughes, Robert W.; White, Lorren D.; Hardy, Mark G.; Swanier, Shelton J.

doi:10.3390/ijerph5050484

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Coastal atmospheric conditions widely vary from those over-inland due to the land sea interface, temperature contrast, and the consequent development of local circulations [10]. Strong land breeze was observed about 6.00AM and it was neutralized between 9.00AM and 10.0AM at west coast of Korean peninsula.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Temperature, Relative Humidity and Seasonal Variability on Ambient Air Quality in a Coastal Urban Area

Jayamurugan

Kumaravel

Palanivelraja

et al. 2013

International Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

135

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The concentration of air pollutants in ambient air is governed by the meteorological parameters such as atmospheric wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, and temperature. This study analyses the influence of temperature and relative humidity on ambient SO2, NOx, RSPM, and SPM concentrations at North Chennai, a coastal city in India, during monsoon, post-monsoon, summer, and pre-monsoon seasons for 2010-11 using regression analysis. The results of the study show that both SO2 and NOx were negatively correlated in summer (r2=0.25 for SO2 and r2=0.15 for NOx) and moderately and positively correlated (r2=0.32 for SO2 and r2=0.51 for NOx) during post-monsoon season with temperature. RSPM and SPM had positive correlation with temperature in all the seasons except post-monsoon one. These findings indicate that the influence of temperature on gaseous pollutant (SO2 & NOx) is much more effective in summer than other seasons, due to higher temperature range, but in case of particulate, the correlation was found contradictory. The very weak to moderate correlations existing between the temperature and ambient pollutant concentration during all seasons indicate the influence of inconstant thermal variation in the coastal region. Statistically significant negative correlations were found between humidity and particulates (RSPM and SPM) in all the four seasons, but level of correlation was found moderate only during monsoon (r2=0.51 and r2=0.41) in comparison with other three seasons and no significant correlation was found between humidity and SO2, NOx in all the seasons. It is suggested from this study that the influence of humidity is effective on subsiding particulates in the coastal region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Temperature, Relative Humidity and Seasonal Variability on Ambient Air Quality in a Coastal Urban Area

Jayamurugan

Kumaravel

Palanivelraja

et al. 2013

International Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

135

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“…Thus an improved understanding of UBL dynamics is critical for determining the height of pollutant dispersion as well as for the development of sea and lake breeze. These effects have been studied for several urban areas (Davies et al 2007, Rigby and Toumi 2008, Yerramilli et al 2008, including Chicago (Harris and Kotamarthi 2005). However, the impacts of UHI mitigation strategies on the UBL and diurnal cycle of lake and land breeze over Chicago is not well explored, and is a central component of our present study, from which impacts on pollutant dispersion may be inferred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and cool roofs to mitigate urban heat island effects in the Chicago metropolitan area: evaluation with a regional climate model

Sharma

Conry

Fernando

et al. 2016

Environ. Res. Lett.

222

114

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The effects of urban heat islands (UHIs) have a substantial bearing on the sustainability of cities and environs. This paper examines the efficacy of green and cool roofs as potential UHI mitigation strategies to make cities more resilient against UHI. We have employed the urbanized version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (uWRF) model at high (1 km) resolution with physically-based rooftop parameterization schemes (conventional, green and cool), a first-time application to the Chicago metropolitan area. We simulated a hot summer period (16-18 August 2013) and assessed (i) UHI reductions for different urban landuse with green/cool roofs, (ii) the interaction of lake breeze and UHI, and (iii) diurnal boundary layer dynamics. The performance of uWRF was evaluated using sensible heat flux and air temperature measurements from an urban mini-field campaign. The simulated roof surface energy balance captured the energy distribution with respective rooftop algorithms. Results showed that daytime roof temperature reduced and varied linearly with increasing green roof fractions, from less than 1°C for the case of 25% green roof to ∼3°C during peak daytime for 100% green roof. Diurnal transitions from land to lake breeze and vice versa had a substantial impact on the daytime cycle of roof surface UHI, which had a 3-4 hour lag in comparison to 2 m UHI. Green and cool roofs reduced horizontal and vertical wind speeds and affected lower atmosphere dynamics, including reduced vertical mixing, lower boundary layer depth, and weaker convective rolls. The lowered wind speeds and vertical mixing during daytime led to stagnation of air near the surface, potentially causing air quality issues. The selection of green and cool roofs for UHI mitigation should therefore carefully consider the competing feedbacks. The new results for regional land-lake circulations and boundary layer dynamics from this study may be extended to other urbanized areas, particularly to coastal areas.

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“…A key factor leading to the incidence of high ozone concentrations in the coastal areas of Mississippi is the gulf breeze, a shallow wind system that develops as a result of differential heating of the land and water surfaces. Yerramilli et al [2] and Challa et al [3,4] have conducted a few studies on air quality from this region focusing on observational and modeling aspects of mesoscale flows, plume dispersion from elevated point sources and the sensitivity of dispersion simulations to meteorological fields. Air quality/dispersion modeling in complex geographical regions as in Mississippi Gulf coastal area requires at least an accurate representation of the meteorological fields to understand various phenomena such as transport, diffusion, transformation and removal of air pollutants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Surface Ozone Pollution in the Central Gulf Coast Region Using WRF/Chem Model: Sensitivity to PBL and Land Surface Physics

Yerramilli

Challa

Dodla

et al. 2010

Advances in Meteorology

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The fully coupled WRF/Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting/Chemistry) model is used to simulate air quality in the Mississippi Gulf coastal region at a high resolution (4 km) for a moderately severe summer ozone episode between 18 CST 7 and 18 CST 10 June 2006. The model sensitivity is studied for meteorological and gaseous criteria pollutants (O3, NO2) using three Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) and four land surface model (LSM) schemes and comparison of model results with monitoring station observations. Results indicated that a few combinations of PBL and LSMs could reasonably produce realistic meteorological fields and that the combination of Yonsei University (YSU) PBL and NOAH LSM provides best predictions for winds, temperature, humidity and mixed layer depth in the study region for the period of study. The diurnal range in ozone concentration is better estimated by the YSU PBL in association with either 5-layer or NOAH land surface model. The model seems to underestimate the ozone concentrations in the study domain because of underestimation of temperatures and overestimation of winds. The underestimation of NO2by model suggests the necessity of examining the emission data in respect of its accurate representation at model resolution. Quantitative analysis for most monitoring stations indicates that the combination of YSU PBL with NOAH LSM provides the best results for various chemical species with minimum BIAS, RMSE, and high correlation values.

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Some Observational and Modeling Studies of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer at Mississippi Gulf Coast for Air Pollution Dispersion Assessment

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Influence of Temperature, Relative Humidity and Seasonal Variability on Ambient Air Quality in a Coastal Urban Area

Influence of Temperature, Relative Humidity and Seasonal Variability on Ambient Air Quality in a Coastal Urban Area

Green and cool roofs to mitigate urban heat island effects in the Chicago metropolitan area: evaluation with a regional climate model

Simulation of Surface Ozone Pollution in the Central Gulf Coast Region Using WRF/Chem Model: Sensitivity to PBL and Land Surface Physics

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