Some Observations and Experiments on the Setting Behaviour of Larvae of Ostrea edulis

Cole, H. A.; Jones, E. W.

doi:10.1093/icesjms/14.1.86

Cited by 69 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…It was emptied on August 15, when the tiles remaining in it were removed to tank C, there to receive daily changes of tidal water. Examination of the tiles during removal amply confirmed the findings of Cole & Jones (1939) that the larvae tend to settle high and in the darker places. The suspended tiles were well covered with spat, but the largest spat, up to 2 em.…”

Section: The 1940 Spatfallsupporting

confidence: 58%

Oyster Rearing on the River Yealm

Wilson

1941

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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In a recent issue of this Journal Dr Hughes (1940) published records of a successful attempt to rear oysters in tanks on the River Yealm during the summer of 1939. In this paper he referred to plans for the following year, and it therefore seems desirable to record a few notes on the 1940 season.Since Dr Hughes left Plymouth I have kept in touch with Mr J. Kingcome, the owner of the fishery, and from time to time have visited his tanks and proffered technical advice. In this I have had the willing co-operation of Mr H. A. Cole of Conway whenever his opinion has been sought. Mr King come has most readily adopted suggestions we have made, and it is to his careful attention and unremitting work that the successful results here recorded are due.Further History of the 1939 SpatDr Hughes mentioned that in August 1939 some of the larger spat were detached from the tiles and placed in cages in the estuary of the river. At the time of writing (mid-October 1940) these range from 4.5 to 8 cm. in diameter. The remainder of the spat spent the winter on the tiles in tank C (Hughes, 1940, Fig. 1), being given almost daily changes of water from the estuary. They were detached from April to July 1940 and placed like the others in wire-meshed cages just above low-water mark spring tides. These oysters have by no means reached the size of those which have been out since August 1939, the size range being 2–4 cm. in diameter.

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Section: The 1940 Spatfallsupporting

confidence: 58%

Oyster Rearing on the River Yealm

Wilson

1941

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…Gregarious settlement has been observed for many marine invertebrates, and is implicated as a dominant factor in fouling species community assembly (Robinson andDickerson 1987, Osman andWhitlatch 1995). The gregarious settling nature of many oyster species has been investigated since the early 20th century (Cole and Knight-Jones 1939), mainly within an aquaculture context. Hidu (1969), for example, previously demonstrated gregarious settlement of larvae of the con-generic Crassostrea virginica onto substrates previously ''seeded'' with juvenile C. virginica.…”

Section: Facilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating the intrinsic parameters of propagule pressure: implications for bio‐invasion

2012

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Abstract. Much effort has been devoted to understanding the factors promoting species colonisation, and processes that may cause small incipient populations to fail. Post colonisation and community level processes are proving to be less reliable predictors of initial population size and propagule pressure is now posited as a key predictor of species establishment. Yet, empirical studies manipulating the intrinsic parameters of propagule pressure, such as arrival frequency (number), and intensity (size) are lacking. Understanding colonisation and incipient population survival is particularly important in the field of bioinvasions. Propagule pressure is now often cited as a key determinant of invasion success, yet we have few empirical tests manipulating the intrinsic parameters of propagule pressure. We conducted a series of factorial field experiments utilizing larvae of the cosmopolitan invasive oyster Crassostrea gigas. A newly developed technique was used to quantitatively alter the size of propagules and the frequency at which they arrive. When total propagule pressure was held constant, and the size and arrival frequency was altered, frequent small inoculations dramatically increased incipient population size .65% relative to infrequent large introductions. We also found that smaller, less dense inoculations resulted in .85% greater proportional settlement and colonisation of this cosmopolitan species. Predation altered the overall survival of incipient oyster populations, but did not alter this pattern.Our findings may help explain patterns of ballast water and hull-fouling introductions, as ports and harbours that receive frequent exposure to invasive propagules from the same source location will be at greater risk of invasion.

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“…The results of those investigations, in which plates at the same three orientations were exposed for only short periods, show very different patterns. Thus Schaefer (1937), Hopkins (1935Hopkins ( , 1937, Pomerat and Reiner (1£42), and Cole and Knight-Jones (1939) found predominantly under-surface settlement in Crassostrea gigas, C. virginica, Ostrea lurida, and O. edulis respectively, while Butler (1955) and Korringa (1941) found predominantly upper-surface settlement for C. virginica and O. edulis. All experiments showed little settlement on vertical plates.…”

Section: Period Of Settlementmentioning

confidence: 93%

An unexploited population of oysters,Ostrea lutariaHutton, from foveaux strait

Cranfield¹

1968

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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SUMMARYSettlement of Ostrea lutaria on sand-cement-plastered asbestos plates held in steel frames on the bottom of Foveaux Strait was studied from March 1965 to April 1967. Spat mortality over the period of plate exposure (about one month) was very low (maximum of 3 percent) and was greatest shortly after settlement. There was no evidence that mortality was due to predation. Essentially the same seasonal pattern of settlement was observed each year. Eighty to 90 percent of spat settled between mid December and mid February in both summers; settlement occurred as early as October; some was observed as late as July.Results of field experiments suggest some very tentative conclusions on the settlement behaviour of O. lutaria: (1) The larvae are benthopelagic and remain on the bottom in strong current conditions. (2) Light stimulates swimming of larvae in still water. (3) In still water and low light intensities of the area larvae tend to swim upward toward the light. (4) In still water and dim light of the area larvae settle predominantly on under surfaces. (5) In still water in the absence of light larvae settle predominantly on upper surfaces. (6) Under the conditions of current and light in the multiplate frames used to sample spatfall here, larvae settle mainly on upper surfaces. (7) Larvae tend to crawl up inclined surfaces before settling.The results indicate that larval behaviour may be changed by small alterations of light intensity and current. The contradictory nature of surface angle preferences found by other workers for various species of Ostrea and Crassostrea may have been due to such small variations caused by the experimental techniques. It is possible that the settlement behaviour of all species of these genera is similar.

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Some Observations and Experiments on the Setting Behaviour of Larvae of Ostrea edulis

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Oyster Rearing on the River Yealm

Oyster Rearing on the River Yealm

Manipulating the intrinsic parameters of propagule pressure: implications for bio‐invasion

An unexploited population of oysters,Ostrea lutariaHutton, from foveaux strait

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