Some Pharmacological Studies Of Aqueous Extract Of Leaves Of Euphorbia Heterophylla

Unekwe, PC; Ughachukwu, PO; Ogamba, JO

doi:10.4314/tjmr.v10i2.30494

Cited by 8 publications

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“…In general, this plant is regarded as a purgative, antiasthmatic, antiinflammatory as well as an arbotifacient (Erden et al, 1999;Falodun et al, 2006). It has also been reported to Oyedum 203 be oxytocic (Unekwe et al, 2006). The dried leaves butanol extract exhibited marked inhibitory action on the Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis growth at 100 mg/ml (Mosango, 2008).…”

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confidence: 98%

Comparative study of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa

Oyedum¹

2022

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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A comparative study was carried out to determine the phytochemical components and Euphorbia heterophylla antibacterial activity as well as Vitellaria paradoxaleaf crude extracts on four enteric organisms, namely: Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella Typhi, Shigella flexneri, and Escherichia coli. The clinical isolates of the enteric organisms were subjected to test of antimicrobial susceptibility using technique of agar diffusion. Phytochemistry of the E. heterophylla crude extracts exposed the presence of more phenolics, phlobatannins, tannins and cardiac glycosides than V. paradoxa, which revealed the presence of more steroids. All crude E. heterophylla extracts produced high clear inhibition zones, compared to the V. paradoxa counterpart at concentration ranging from 50 to 200 mg/ml. In vivo antimicrobial assay discovered that the mice treated with the crude methanolic E. heterophylla extracts, after being infected with the test organisms, survived and showed no pathological effects as compared to the V. paradoxa counterpart, which showed 20% pathological effects. E. heterophylla crude extract could be a possible source for the diseases treatment associated with enteric organisms such as P. vulgaris, S. Typhi, S. flexneri, as well as E. coli. Additional studies should be directed towards isolation as well as characterisation of the active compound in the crude extracts.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative study of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa

Oyedum¹

2022

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…Generally, this plant is regarded as a purgative, antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory and an arbotifacient (Erden et al, 1999;Falodun et al,2006). It has also been reported to be oxytocic, (Unekwe et al, 2006). It has also been recorded that this plant is used for the treatment of gonorrhea, respiratory tract infection, malaria, Eczema, and wart cure by traditional medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial and toxicological effects of leaf extracts of <i>Eurphorbia heterophylla</i> on some enteric bacteria

Oyedum¹

2017

Glo Jnl Pure Appl Sci

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Aim: A study was carried out to determine the antibacterial activity of Euphorbia heterophylla crude extracts on four enteric bacterial organisms namely; Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, E.coli and Proteus vulgaris. Method: The clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, E.coli and Proteus vulgaris were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test using agar diffusion technique. Result: Methanolic and aqueous crude extract produced clear zones of inhibition at concentration ranging from 100 to 200mg/ml at 24 hours and as the time increased to 48hours and 72hours, the antibacterial activity decreased. Two thousand milligram per kilogram body weight of the crude extracts was administered to the mice orally, and single death accompanied each group of mice that were administered with methanolic crude extract of the leaf. Conclusion: Euphorbia heterophylla crude extract could be a potential source of antimicrobial agent for the treatment of diseases associated with enteric organisms such as Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, E.coli and Proteus vulgaris. Further studies should be directed towards isolation and characterization of the active compound in the crude extracts.

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“…All the parts of E. heterophylla contain latex (11), and the plant is widely used in traditional African medicine and elsewhere in tropical countries. Generally, this plant is regarded as a purgative, anti-asthmatic, anti-inflammatory and an abortifacient (13,14), and has also been reported to be oxytocic (15). In East Africa, the roots are used in the treatment of gonorrhoea and to increase milk production in breast-feeding women (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, this plant is regarded as a purgative, anti-asthmatic, anti-inflammatory and an abortifacient (13,14), and has also been reported to be oxytocic (15). In East Africa, the roots are used in the treatment of gonorrhoea and to increase milk production in breast-feeding women (15). Vitellaria paradoxa on the other hand, is generally regarded as a deciduous and multipurpose plant, found and used in Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of the root extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa

Oyedum¹,

Kuta²,

Garba³

et al. 2021

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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Background: Over time, herbal plants and their various components have been major sources of therapeutic medicine for man. A comparative study was carried out to determine the phytochemical components and antibacterial activities of the different crude extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa roots on four enteric bacteria; Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris.Methodology: Root samples of E. heterophylla and V. paradoxa were collected, washed, air dried and processed to fine powder in the microbiology laboratory of Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. Crude extract of the root samples was done by the cold maceration technique using four solvents (chloroform, methanol, petroleum ether and water). Phytochemical analysis of the extracts was done using previously described technique, and in vitro antibacterial activities of different concentrations of the extracts (50-200 mg/ml) and a standard antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) were tested on four enteric bacteria (S. typhi, S. flexneri, E. coli, P. vulgaris) by the agar diffusion test. In vivo antibacterial activities of the two plants were also tested by daily oral administration of 2000 mg/kg bodyweight (for 7 days) of each extract on inbred mice infected through intraperitoneal inoculation of an infective dose of each of the four enteric bacteria. Data were computed as mean ± standard error and analysed by the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) version 9.4. Associations between variables were determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA), with p < 0.05 considered as significant value.Results: Phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts of both plants revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins but V. paradoxa contain more carbohydrates and starch, and less phlobatannins, compared to E. heterophylla. In vitro assay showed dose-dependent antibacterial activity of the methanol, aqueous and chloroform (but not petroleum ether) extracts of the two plant roots. The in vitro antibacterial activities of the different extracts of V. paradoxica extracts were significantly higher (higher mean diameters of inhibition zones) than those of E. heterophylla (p<0.05), and methanol extracts gave the highest antibacterial effects. However, the root extract of E. heterophylla gave a higher antibacterial activity with the in vivo assay on inbred mice than V. paradoxa, and methanol extracts of the two plant extracts gave the highest in vivo activity, followed by aqueous extract and least activity was obtained with the chloroform extract.Conclusion: Crude extracts of E. heterophylla and V. paradoxa roots produce antibacterial activity against enteric Gram-negative bacteria pathogens involved in diarrhoea illnesses. Further researches should be directed towards isolation and characterization of the active compounds in the crude extracts. French title: Analyse comparative de l'activité phytochimique et antibactérienne des extraits de racines d'Euphorbia heterophylla et de Vitellaria paradoxa Contexte: Au fil du temps, les plantes médicinales et leurs divers composants ont été une source majeure de médecine thérapeutique pour l'homme. Une étude comparative a été réalisée pour déterminer les composants phytochimiques et les activités antibactériennes des différents extraits bruts de racines d'Euphorbia heterophylla et de Vitellaria paradoxa sur quatre bactéries entériques; Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli et Proteus vulgaris. Méthodologie: Des échantillons de racines d'E. heterophylla et de V. paradoxa ont été collectés, lavés, séchés à l'air et transformés en poudre fine dans le laboratoire de microbiologie de l'Université fédérale de technologie, Minna, Nigéria. L'extraction brute des échantillons de racines a été réalisée par la technique de macération à froid en utilisant quatre solvants (chloroforme, méthanol, éther de pétrole et eau). L'analyse phytochimique des extraits a été effectuée en utilisant la technique décrite précédemment, et les activités antibactériennes in vitro de différentes concentrations des extraits (50-200 mg/ml) et d'un antibiotique standard (ciprofloxacine) ont été testées sur quatre bactéries entériques (S. typhi, S. flexneri, E. coli, P. vulgaris) par le test de diffusion sur gélose. Les activités antibactériennes in vivo des deux plantes ont également été testées par administration orale quotidienne de 2000 mg/kg de poids corporel (pendant 7 jours) de chaque extrait sur des souris consanguines infectées par inoculation intrapéritonéale d'une dose infectieuse de chacune des quatre bactéries entériques. Les données ont été calculées en tant que moyenne ± erreur standard et analysées par le système d'analyse statistique (SAS) version 9.4. Les associations entre les variables ont été déterminées à l'aide d'une analyse de variance (ANOVA), avec p < 0,05 considéré comme une valeur significative. Résultats: L'analyse phytochimique des extraits bruts des deux plantes a révélé la présence de glycosides cardiaques, de saponines, d'alcaloïdes, de flavonoïdes et de tanins mais V. paradoxa contient plus de glucides et d'amidon, et moins de phlobatannins, par rapport à E. heterophylla. Un essai in vitro a montré une activité antibactérienne dose-dépendante des extraits au méthanol, aqueux et au chloroforme (mais pas à l'éther de pétrole) des deux racines des plantes. Les activités antibactériennes in vitro des différents extraits d'extraits de V. paradoxica étaient significativement plus élevées (diamètres moyens des zones d'inhibition plus élevés) que celles d'E. heterophylla (p<0,05), et les extraits au méthanol ont donné les effets antibactériens les plus élevés. Cependant, l'extrait de racine d'E. heterophylla a donné une activité antibactérienne plus élevée avec le test in vivo sur des souris consanguines que V. paradoxa, et les extraits au méthanol des deux extraits de plantes ont donné l'activité in vivo la plus élevée, suivie par l'extrait aqueux et l'activité la plus faible a été obtenu avec l'extrait chloroformique. Conclusion: Des extraits bruts de racines d'E. heterophylla et de V. paradoxa produisent une activité antibactérienne contre les bactéries pathogènes entériques à Gram négatif impliquées dans les maladies diarrhéiques. D'autres recherches devraient être dirigées vers l'isolement et la caractérisation des composés actifs dans les extraits bruts.

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Some Pharmacological Studies Of Aqueous Extract Of Leaves Of Euphorbia Heterophylla

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative study of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa

Comparative study of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa

Antibacterial and toxicological effects of leaf extracts of <i>Eurphorbia heterophylla</i> on some enteric bacteria

Comparative analysis of the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of the root extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa

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