Some Physical Properties of Shea Kernel

Olajide, J.O.; Ade‐Omowaye, B.I.O.; Otunola, E.T.

doi:10.1006/jaer.1999.0510

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The measured rain quantity was 800 mm for Banikoara region that is located in the Sudanian zone together with Bobo Dioulasso (latitude of 11°00'N -12°00'N) where the reported rain quantity was between 900 and 1,100 mm per year (Yé et al, 2004). Olajide et al (2000) reported a geometric diameter of 25.2 mm on shea kernels studied in Nigeria and confirmed that, generally the shea almonds from this country are bigger than those of Benin. Knowledge of the values of different diameters, arithmetic, geometric could permit establishing mathematical models for size's prediction of the shea almonds.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Aviara et al (2000) also reported that the sphericity of shea kernels collected in Michika, varies between 0.68 and 0.75, while Olajide et al (2000) reported an average sphericity of 0.80 on the shea kernels from Ogbomosho region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average sizes, reported by Aviara et al (2005), showing an increase in kernels size with moisture content, it could be envisioned that the sizes reported by Aviara et al (2000) is higher than the one reported in the current work (mean of 7.55±1.23% (w.b)). Olajide et al (2000) reported 31.50 mm 23.70 mm and 22.00 mm on shea kernels collected in the region of Ogbomosho (Nigeria) for length, height and width with a moisture content of 4.35% (d.b), respectively. On the over hand, Yé et al (2004) reported average of 25.6 mm, 15.15 mm and 17.83 mm for length, width and thickness, respectively of shea kernels from Burkina Faso.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative study of some physical properties of the shea kernels in the shea parks in Benin

Ahouansou¹,

Agbobatinkpo²,

Sanya³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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In Benin Republic, there are five different known shea parks. The dedicated various studies to the characterization of nuts and kernels in Benin, and in the sub-region, are often limited to the samples taken from only one zone and did not take into account the variability of the production zones. This study aimed at assessing the physical properties of shea kernels collected in four shea parks of Benin. Sizes (length, width, thickness), one-thousand nuts weight, the true and bulk volumes, sphericity, porosity and the true and bulk densities, have been determined on shea kernels from each park using appropriate methodology. The results showed that average moisture content of the shea kernels was 7.55±1.23% (wb). The parks of Kandi and Savè displayed the smallest shea kernels while those from Parakou and Bembèrèkè, showed the biggest. Sphericity of shea kernels turns around 0.72 whereas their porosity ranges from 41.59 to 43.24% and the weight of onethousand kernels ranges from 3.98 to 4.40 kg. The true and bulk volumes of one-thousand kernels vary from 3.88 to 4.37 dm 3 and 6.64 to 7.70 dm 3 respectively. The true and bulk densities fluctuate from 1,007.51 to 1,024.24 kg/m 3 and 571.77 to 598.12 kg/m 3 respectively. These results call for the development of appropriate equipment for shea processing in Benin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative study of some physical properties of the shea kernels in the shea parks in Benin

Ahouansou¹,

Agbobatinkpo²,

Sanya³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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“…Four moisture levels were used to investigate the effect of moisture content on the engineering properties. These moisture content levels were obtained by conditioning seed and kernel samples using the method reported by Olajide et al (2002) with modification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of moisture content on some engineering properties of mahogany (Khaya senegalensis) seed and kernel

Aviara¹,

Lawal²,

Mshelia³

et al. 2014

Res. Agric. Eng.

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Aviara N.A., Lawal A.A., Mshelia H.M., Musa D., 2014. Effect of moisture content on some engineering properties of mahogany (Khaya senegalensis) seed and kernel. Res. Agr. Eng., 60: 30-36.Some engineering properties of mahogany seed and kernel were investigated and expressed as a function of moisture content. In the moisture ranges of 7.1-32% and 5.3-22% (d.b.), respectively, the seed and kernel length, width and thickness increased with increase in moisture content. One thousand seed and kernel weight increased linearly with moisture content. True density, bulk density, porosity and angle of repose of seed and kernel also increased with increase in moisture content. Static and kinetic coefficients of friction increased linearly with moisture content and varied with structural surfaces. Specific heat increased with increase in both moisture content and temperature. Regression equations were used to express the relationships existing between the engineering properties and seed and kernel moisture contents.

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“…There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the mean angle of repose for cumin and caraway seeds, which were 47.7 and 49.8°, respectively. These values were much higher than those mentioned for oilbean seed (Oje and Ugbor, 1991), sunflower (Gupta and Das, 1997), Shea Kernel (Olajide et al, 2000), safflower (Baumler et al, 2006), rough rice grain (Ghasemi Varnamkhasti et al, 2008), and arigo seeds (Davies, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Physical properties of cumin and caraway seeds

Zare

Bakhshipour

Chen

2013

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. Physical properties of cumin and caraway seeds were measured and compared at constant moisture content of 7.5% w.b. The average thousand mass of grain, mean length, mean width, mean thickness, equivalent diameter, geometric mean diameter, surface area, volume, sphericity, aspect ratio, true density, bulk density and porosity were measured for cumin and caraway. There are significant differences (p<0.01) in most physical properties of cumin and caraway, except porosity and sphericity.K e y w o r d s: physical properties, cumin seed, caraway seed, friction coefficient, angle of repose INTRODUCTIONCumin is one of the most important medicinal and spice plants in the world grown in Iran and other countries since many years ago. There are two types of cumin seeds. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) called green cumin in Iran, is a small 15-50 cm high gramineous plant with long and thin roots, very thin leaves, and white or pink flowers. This plant is native to Egypt and Nile shores. Caraway (Carum carrvi) called black cumin in Iran, is a two-year 30-60 cm high plant having empty stems and thin light green leaves; it is native to a limited area of west Asia including the eastern regions of Iran. Due to their numerous applications in medicine and as food additives, the cultivation of these plants has been increased in recent years. Nowadays, Iran is one of the exporters of these products. Physical properties are very important factors in designing agricultural equipment such as dryers, aerators, cleaners, and conveyers. Measuring principal axial dimensions of grain is important in selecting grain separating sieves and removing foreign materials from the product. Furthermore, these dimensions are used in calculating surface area, volume, and sphericity of grain which are useful in designing postharvest equipmens. (Correa et al., 2007), raw and parboiled paddy (Reddy and Chakravertyj, 2004), and hemp seeds (Sacilik et al., 2003; flaxseed (Singh et al., 2012) and corn seed (Babic et al., 2013).As far as we know, no study has been reported on the physical properties of cumin and caraway. Therefore, our aim in this study was determine the physical properties of cumin and caraway seeds which provide the basic information for designing grain handling and processing machinery. MATERIALS AND METHODSIn this study, cumin and caraway seeds were obtained from local shops. Before measuring the properties of grains, foreign matters such as dust, stones, straw, and chaff were removed manually from the rest of grains. The initial moisture content of seeds was determined using the standard method (Brusewitz, 1975). The average moisture content was 7.5% (w.b.), determined through an oven method at 105 ±3°C during 24 h according to Correa et al., (2007). The principal dimensions (length, width, thickness) of randomly selected cumin and caraway grains were measured using a digital micrometer having the accuracy of 0.001 mm.Int. Agrophys., 2013Agrophys., , 27, 491-494 doi: 10.2478Agrophys., /intag-2013 Physical properties of cumi...

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Some Physical Properties of Shea Kernel

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

Comparative study of some physical properties of the shea kernels in the shea parks in Benin

Comparative study of some physical properties of the shea kernels in the shea parks in Benin

Effect of moisture content on some engineering properties of mahogany (Khaya senegalensis) seed and kernel

Physical properties of cumin and caraway seeds

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