Some properties of silane‐grafted moisture‐crosslinked polyethylene

Narkis, M.; Tzur, A.; Vaxman, A.; Fritz, H.‐G.

doi:10.1002/pen.760251311

Cited by 87 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The M c value is the dominating factors in prescribing the behavior of a given type of crosslinked polymer. [36,37] Table 1, but considerably smaller than the ones obtained by sulfonic acids. In the previous section where the hydrolysis step was examined by means of ATR-FTIR technique, it was run that, in the sulfonic acid-catalyzed system, the condensation step did not progress to the same extent achieved by primary amine compound (see Fig.…”

Section: Condensation Kinetics Of Epr-g-vtms Evaluated By Gel Fractiomentioning

confidence: 93%

The utility of sulfonic acid catalysts for silane water-crosslinked network formation in the ethylene–propylene copolymer system

Adachi

Hirano²

2008

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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Catalytic effects of Brönsted acid on the early kinetics of water-crosslinking reaction in the vinyltrimethoxysilane-grafted ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPR-g-VTMS) system were investigated by means of an attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) technique and gel fraction measurements. Four sulfonic acids with different substituent, including methanesulfonic acid (C1SO 3 H), 1-propanesulfonic acid (C3SO 3 H), 1-pentanesulfonic acid (C5SO 3 H), and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (C12PhSO 3 H), were selected to examine the progress and effect of progressive changes in the silane watercrosslinked network structure in comparison with a primary amine (n-octadecylamine, Lewis base). From the kinetic analysis using Arrhenius equation, we found that the frequency factors for both hydrolysis (ATR-FTIR) and condensation step (gel content) of EPR-g-VTMS decreased in the order of C1SO 3 H > C3SO 3 H > C5SO 3 H > C12PhSO 3 H, while the activation energy values for each reaction did not differ significantly.These relationships can be explained mainly on the basis of the diffusion factors of the sulfonic acids in EPRg-VTMS system. Moreover, the stress-strain curve comparison between water-crosslinked EPR-g-VTMS samples containing sulfonic acid and amine compound clearly indicated the difference in their tensile properties as a result of the catalyst variation; the use of sulfonic acid as water-crosslinking catalyst eventually achieves to the soft and tough water-crosslinked EPR-g-VTMS, while the hard and strong one was produced using amine catalyst. Not only the catalytic activity but also the type of the catalyst has eventually significant effects upon the physical properties of the water-crosslinked EPR-g-VTMS.3/32

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Section: Condensation Kinetics Of Epr-g-vtms Evaluated By Gel Fractiomentioning

confidence: 93%

The utility of sulfonic acid catalysts for silane water-crosslinked network formation in the ethylene–propylene copolymer system

Adachi

Hirano²

2008

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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“…This is also true for LDPE compared to HDPE. In initiating the silane grafting reaction, peroxide decomposition species would participate in different reactions [2]; they would combine with each other to form unsaturated species; inducing to β-scissioning in polymer chain and thus leading to chain extension; and finally they would react with the vinyl unsaturation of silane for grafting the molecule onto the polyethylene. Among all the aforementioned reactions, only the last one is desired and the other two would result in molecular structure changes and consequently lead to differences in crosslinking performance [26].…”

Section: Effect Of Polymer Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Un-crosslinked polyethylene has the melting point of 100-130°C, however, after crosslinking no flow would be noticed even at 150°C [1,2], where elastic behaviour prevails. In addition to the advantages associated with crosslinked polyethylene, it is also capable of absorbing high loadings of fillers compared to un-crosslinked polyethylene which becomes brittle on incorporating fillers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of polymer structure and additives on silane grafting of polyethylene

Morshedian¹,

Hosseinpour²,

Azizi³

et al. 2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Silane method is a preferred method in crosslinking polyethylene to modify its properties. Here, the silane grafting reactions of low density (LDPE), linear low density (LLDPE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) were compared, all with a fixed amount of silane (vinyltrimethoxysilane) and peroxide (dicumylperoxide). Processing for silane grafting was carried out in an internal mixer, and FTIR spectra were used for comparing the silane grafting efficiencies. The effect of polymer physical form and pre-mixing the components was also determined. Molecular structure parameters were analyzed to investigate their effect on silane grafting efficiency. In case of LDPE and LLDPE, the probable interfering effect of two types of antioxidants on silane grafting reactions was studied. Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) was added to LDPE to evaluate its effect on silane grafting efficiency. Amongst different grades of polyethylene, LLDPE had a better efficiency in silane grafting. Branchings, PDI, Mw, and MFI are all determining factors and should be considered in comparing the silane grafting efficiency between different grades of polyethylene. In case of incorporating antioxidant, different results were observed when the polymer under study was different. EPDM as an additive would enhance silane grafting efficiency.

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“…Textile-grade PEs have been considered good candidates for affordable precursors because of their low cost [50]. PEs (high density PE [HDPE], low density PE [LDPE], linear low density PE [LLDPE]) can usually be crosslinked by four different methods, that is, by energy radiation [51], peroxide [52], silane coupling agents [53], and sulfonation [54] cross-linking.…”

Section: Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cross-linking methods for polyethylene-based carbon fibers: review

Kim¹,

Lee²,

An³

et al. 2015

Carbon letters

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In recent decades, there has been an increasing interest in the use of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) in aerospace, renewable energy and other industries, due to its low weight and relatively good mechanical properties compared with traditional metals. However, due to the high cost of petroleum-based precursors and their associated processing costs, CF remains a specialty product and as such has been limited to use in high-end aerospace, sporting goods, automotive, and specialist industrial applications. The high cost of CF is a problem in various applications and the use of CFRP has been impeded by the high cost of CF in various applications. This paper presents an overview of research related to the fabrication of low cost CF using polyethylene (PE) control technology, and identifies areas requiring additional research and development. It critically reviews the results of cross-linked PE control technology studies, and the development of promising control technologies, including acid, peroxide, radiation and silane cross-linking methods.

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Some properties of silane‐grafted moisture‐crosslinked polyethylene

Cited by 87 publications

References 6 publications

The utility of sulfonic acid catalysts for silane water-crosslinked network formation in the ethylene–propylene copolymer system

The utility of sulfonic acid catalysts for silane water-crosslinked network formation in the ethylene–propylene copolymer system

Effect of polymer structure and additives on silane grafting of polyethylene

Effects of cross-linking methods for polyethylene-based carbon fibers: review

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