Some Social Factors on Retirement Adaptation

Stokes, Randall G.; Maddox, George L.

doi:10.1093/geronj/22.3.329

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Evidently, there is a strong relationship between retirement attitude (i.e., anticipation) and expected or reported feelings of "missing work" in retirement, irrespective of occupational statusoften assumed to be a crucial variable for determining work as well as retirement attitudes (see e.g., Fillenbaum, 1971a;Goudy et al, 1975;Simpson et al, 1966;Stokes & Maddox, 1967). On the other hand, job satisfaction-the prime concept of concern in these and other studies-currently appears to be relatively unimportant; only among blue-collar preretirees does it fit unequivocally with the "inverse" hypothesis, and among white-collar retirees job satisfaction is in the reverse direction of what was initially hypothesized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging in Sweden, Part 2: Retirement Anticipation

Skoglund

1981

Educational Gerontology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging in Sweden, Part 2: Retirement Anticipation

Skoglund

1981

Educational Gerontology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Because work is believed to provide such a central role in this occupational level, initial feelings of deprivation are apt to be more severe, leading to difficulty in adjustment. In support of this view, Stokes and Maddox 36 found an inverse relationship between occupational prestige level, measured as white‐collar/blue‐collar, and retirement satisfaction. An interesting proposal evolving from this study is that satisfaction may be a function of time.…”

Section: Retirement—variables Important To the Adaptation Processmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In general, there is little evidence to suggest that job satisfaction is significantly related to retirement adjustment 29 , 33 , 36 . The hypothesis that intrinsic work satisfaction is inversely related to retirement satisfaction was only partially supported by Stokes and Maddox, 36 who found that the hypothesis proved true for white‐collar workers, whereas the converse applied to blue‐collar workers. Draper 29 reported an insignificant correlation between job satisfaction and retirement satisfaction.…”

Section: Retirement—variables Important To the Adaptation Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting to Retirement

Howard

Marshall²,

Rechnitzer³

et al. 1982

J American Geriatrics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The scenario of an individual dying shortly after retirement is as familiar as that of a retired gentleman playing golf, wintering in the South, and pursuing an active and satisfying retirement life. Such sketches, with numerous variations in between, represent opposites in the process of adapting to retirement. With shifting demographics** and with occupational retirement now a generally accepted and expected part of Western life, an understanding of what accounts for such differences takes on greater importance.Retirement itself is a relatively recent phenomenon, characteristic of amuent industrial and postindustrial societies. In many other cultures, and in our own culture of 100 years ago, man did not worry about adapting to retirement, for retirement was virtually nonexistent. Work was a part of life until illness or death prevented it. Now, however, we have compulsory age-based retirement in many occupational sectors (supported by social security schemes) and the tradition of retiring from work around the age of 65 in most other sectors. At the same time, life spans are lengthening. The implication is that men who retire at about 65 have a life expectancy of roughly 14 to 15 years in retirement, and women have an even longer life expectancy.Researchers have investigated the process of retirement, finding interdependence between a large number of variables related to the adjustment that persons have to make. It is the purpose of this paper to review and discuss current thinking about the process of adapting to retirement. Although it is recognized that organizations and society at large both have to deal with the phenomena of retirement, this paper will limit its focus to the person's adaptation, and will serve to provide a framework for directions for fruitful future research and policy formulation.

show abstract

“…Changes over time are highlighted by Stokes and Maddox (1967) who observed that blue-collar workers were initially more satisfied with retirement than white-collar workers, but after 3-5 years became dissatisfied whereas the white-collar workers remained unchanged. This supports Tyhurst's (1957) contention that the postconfrontation period involves the most turmoil, and Eisdorfer's (1972) report that economic state may be a most significant factor in mediating psychosocial adaptation to retirement.…”

Section: Al 1975)mentioning

confidence: 99%