1996
DOI: 10.1093/ndt/11.supp9.9
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Some sodium, potassium and water changes in the elderly and their treatment

Abstract: Creatinine clearance decreases with age by 1 ml/min/year after 40 years of age, although serum creatinine remains constant because of reduction of muscle mass. Reduction of water intake may occur in the elderly because of a reduced sensation of thirst; this is associated with a tendency to lose water with urine. The capacity to respond to sodium load is impaired in aged kidneys, thereby leading to ECV expansion and hypertension. But there is also, in the elderly, a reduced capacity for retaining sodium (FENa i… Show more

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Cited by 43 publications
(25 citation statements)
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“…This may need to be done even though no robust evidence exists to support the reliability of any specific biomarker in clinical studies. The diagnosis of AKI is even more difficult in the elderly because of their clinical conditions favoring the occurrence of CI-AKI: dehydration, due to impaired sensation of thirst 4 and tendency to salt depletion following abnormal renal salt losses associated with insufficient salt intake and reduction in "effective" circulating blood volume, that aggravate renal vasoconstriction, thereby predisposing to AKI. 26 The effective circulating blood volume may be defined as the relative …”
Section: Some Ideas Of Potential Treatment/ Prevention Of Ci-akimentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…This may need to be done even though no robust evidence exists to support the reliability of any specific biomarker in clinical studies. The diagnosis of AKI is even more difficult in the elderly because of their clinical conditions favoring the occurrence of CI-AKI: dehydration, due to impaired sensation of thirst 4 and tendency to salt depletion following abnormal renal salt losses associated with insufficient salt intake and reduction in "effective" circulating blood volume, that aggravate renal vasoconstriction, thereby predisposing to AKI. 26 The effective circulating blood volume may be defined as the relative …”
Section: Some Ideas Of Potential Treatment/ Prevention Of Ci-akimentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1 The use of CM has risen in recent years due to an increase in radiographic procedures, and this coupled with an aging population already suffering from diabetes and cardiovascular/renal diseases (including chronic kidney disease, hypertension, hypotension, advanced congestive heart failure, and compromised left ventricular performance) has led to an increase in the incidence of CI-AKI. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] CI-AKI…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, despite the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity decrease documented in the elderly, angiotensin II local secretion at the renal parenchyma is markedly increased. This phenomenon has been attributed to the histological renal modifications induced by the senile glomerulosclerosis process and also associated with the vascular hemodynamic alterations suffered by the aged kidney [5][6][7]. Moreover, since angiotensin II represents a key molecule in renal physiopathological processes by causing inflammation, cell growth and reactive oxygen species generation (oxidative stress) at cellular and mitochondrial levels, this situation could represent a vicious cycle that leads to renal tissue deterioration [6].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Creatinine clearance usually decreases with age by 1 ml/min per year after 40 years of age, and reduction of water intake may occur in the elderly because of a reduced sensation of thirst. 11 This case shows that aged patients can easily lapse into dehydration and subsequently cause a transient decrease of creatinine clearance, and this provoked a marked elevation of the plasma pilsicainide concentration in the present patient. Intensive care must, therefore, be taken to avoid high concentrations of pilsicainide developing, and close blood level monitoring and dosage adjustment are particularly required in aged patients.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 56%