Some structural features of apricot-tree gum (Prunus armeniaca L.)

Zitko, V.; Rosík, J.; Bruteničová, M.; Kubala, J.

doi:10.1135/cccc19653501

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…in apricot gum the ratio of arabinose to galactose was approximately 3 to 1 (Fig. 3), in cherry gum 2·3 to 1 (the corresponding ratios reported by others are 1 to 1 and 1·2-2·6 to 1 [22,23]). Comparison of the spectra of isolated polysaccharides and gums shows that the former have more intensive bands at 1400-1420 cm-1 and 1620-1640 cm-1 and an additional band at 1240 cm-1 which could be explained by the presence of dissociated carboxyl groups [19] and inorganic components, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

On the Technology of Central Asian Wall Paintings: The Problem of Binding Media

Birstein¹

1975

Studies in Conservation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Organic components of paint layers and grounds in specimens of late antique and early medieval Central Asian wall paintings were studied. Quantitative analysis of amino acids isolated from specimens of Mansur-Depe wall paintings, second to first century B.C., has demonstrated that gelatin was used for the preparation of painting media and grounds-proline, glycine and alanine were revealed to a high percentage while hydroxyproline was not detected. In other wall paintings of the second to the eighth century the use of plant gums was inferred since polysaccharides isolated from the specimens had infrared spectra resembling those of polysaccharides from the Prunoideae sub-family. The gum used in the Toprak-Kala wall paintings, third to fourth century, and in a nineteenth-century painting from Khiva could be identified precisely: it was either apricot or cherry gum. The technique used for the preparation of paints and grounds in Mansur-Depe and Kara-Tepe, second to fourth century, resembles those described in medieval Indian manuscripts. the Bactrian Buddhist temple complex of Kara-Tepe, second to fourth century [4J; the Khorezmian palace of Toprak-Kala, third to fourth century [5]; houses of Sogdian city nobles in Pendjikent, seventh to eighth century [6]; the Buddhist temple of Adjina-Tepa, seventh century [7]; and the Tashkhauli palace, 1830, in Khiva. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of Paintings 1 -From Mansur-Depe-smallfragments with red paint on a relatively thick (2-3 mm) ground. The paint must have been Inade of Kzyl-kessak (a kind of ochre) as a pigment [3]. The ground consists of chalk with fillers: pounded ceramics and small pebbles [3]. It was placed on the mud plaster. The samples were collected in the portico (aiwan). 2 -From Kara-Tepe-fragments with red paintings and a fragment with a polychromatic painting from the P-II cave temple. The paintings are made on a ground 1-5-2-0 mm thick. The ground is different from that of Mansur-Depe. It is looser than the latter, almost insoluble in HCI, and with sand as the filler. The ground must have been spread in thin layers. The uppermost layer just below the painting is the finest and whitest one. The ground was placed over the sandstone walls of the cave. 3 -From Pendjikent-fragments of a thick clay plaster with fillers. A thin layer of white ground is over it. The colouring is black and brownish (the pigments are soot and ochre [8D· On the technology of Central Asian wall paintings: the problem of binding media 9

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

On the Technology of Central Asian Wall Paintings: The Problem of Binding Media

Birstein¹

1975

Studies in Conservation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A research has provided more detailed structure information about PAGE was conducted for the first time by Zitko et al (1965). This structure was confirmed by Stephen and Shirley (1986) who used Smith degradation technique and methylation analysis to elucidate the PAGE structure.…”

Section: Chemi C Al and S Truc Tur Al Propertie Smentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The monosaccharide constituent of PAGE is summarized in Table 2. According to Zitko et al (1965) In another study, Fathi et al (2016b) found that this gum is composed of Ara (41.52%), Gal (23.72%), Xyl (17.82%), Man (14.40%), and rhamnose (Rha; 2.54%). Since arabinose and galactose are the most abundant monosaccharides in the PAGE composition, it is suggested that this gum has an galactoarabinan-like structure.…”

Section: Chemi C Al and S Truc Tur Al Propertie Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A research has provided more detailed structure information about PAGE was conducted for the first time by Zitko et al. (1965). These authors used chemical methods, such as partial acid hydrolysis and periodate oxidation, and proposed that PAGE has a backbone of β‐D‐Glc p A‐(1→6)‐β‐D‐Gal p ‐(l→6)‐β‐D‐Gal p ‐(l→6)‐D‐Gal and D‐Glc p A‐(l→2)‐Man‐(l→2)‐Man‐(l→Man units, which separated by L‐Ara f residues.…”

Section: Chemical and Structural Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prunus armeniaca gum exudates: An overview on purification, structure, physicochemical properties, and applications

Salarbashi

Jahanbin

Tafaghodi

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prunus armeniaca gum exudate (PAGE) is obtained from the trunk branches of apricot trees. PAGE is a high‐molecular‐weight polysaccharide with arabinogalactan structure. The physicochemical and rheological characteristics of this gum have been investigated in various researches. PAGE offers a good potential for use as an emulsifying, binding, and stabilizing agent in food and pharmaceutical industries. It also can be used as an organic additive in tissue culture media, synthesizing of metallic nanoparticles, binding potential in tablets, antioxidant agent, and corrosion inhibitor. For desirable emulsifying, stabilizing, shelf life‐enhancing properties, and antioxidant activity of PAGE, it can be used as additive in many foods. We present here a comprehensive review on the existing literatures on characterization of this source of polysaccharide to explore its potential applications in various systems.

show abstract

“…The observation that gum is basically a polysacdiaride material is in agreement with the results of other workers. Gums of fruit and bark in a number of Prunus species are composed of complex polysaccharides based on glucuronic acid (HOUGH and PRIDHAM 1959, ZITKO et al 1965, cited by ROSIK et al 1968). However, there are differences in properties between gum exuded externally or within specialized gum channels within the wood of these species and that produced by ray and xylem parenchyma in vessels (GROSCLAUDE 1966) and the specific composition of one of these latter materials has yet to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%