Some Studies on the Formation of Hooks in Carding

Wakankar, V.A.; Bhaduri, Swayamdipta; Ramaswamy, Bellur; Ghosh, Gobinda

doi:10.1177/004051756103101103

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…It has been shown earlier that the action of flats and the fiber configuration in the feed do not alter the incidence of hooking [ 19,20]. It was found in this laboratory that flat and lickerin speeds also have no effect on cylinder loading and fiber transfer characteristics.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

Studies on Hook Formation and Cylinder Loading on the Cotton Card

Ghosh

Bhaduri

1968

Textile Research Journal

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The effect of various carding parameters on hooking and loading characteristics and on yarn quality has been investigated for a California 15/32 -in. cotton.Lickerin speeds and method of doffing the card web were shown to have no effect on the pattern of hook formation which is influenced mainly by cylinder and doffer speeds and the hank of the delivered sliver. These same factors also influence the loading on the cylinder and the coefhcient of transfer of fibers to the doffer. No clear-cut relationship between loading and hooking has, however, emerged. Increased doffer and cylinder speeds, at a constant carding rate, were seen to decrease yarn imperfections..

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Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

Studies on Hook Formation and Cylinder Loading on the Cotton Card

Ghosh

Bhaduri

1968

Textile Research Journal

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“…In the card sliver, more than 60% fibers present trailing hooks with respect to card delivery direction. [1] Nevertheless, there are fibers with leading hooks, fibers with both leading and trailing hooks and a small number of aligned fibers. [2] In Figure 5, the leading hook fibers are represented by the fiber a, the trailing hook fibers by b, both leading and trailing hooks fibers by c and the straightened fibers which represent a small number are represented by the fiber d. The fibers are also highly crimped as they leave the card.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tendency of hooks is very asymmetric; the trailing hooks are mostly found as explained in detail by different researchers. [1][2] The card slivers are then subjected to the drawing process whose aims are essentially sliver CV% reduction, the fiber alignment, and hook opening. It seems likely that crimp and hooks affect fiber interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the Sliver Fiber Configuration on the Cotton Inter-fiber Frictional Forces

Ahmad

Sinoimeri

Nowrouzieh³

2012

Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics

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Fiber surface properties have a significant effect on yarn spinning. The frictional behavior of fibers greatly influences their processing, their performance and the performance of the final product. In order to investigate the effect of fiber surface properties and inter-fiber friction during spinning process, card slivers are taken and subjected to three drawing passages. Card and drawing frame slivers are then tested by the Static Friction Tester (SFT), which has been developed earlier. Fiber fineness, maturity and fiber length are measured by using different testing instruments. Hook content is calculated by utilizing fiber length data. The statistical analysis of results shows the same trend for the different cotton fibers tested.

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“…the existence of techniques for measuring the degree of flher parallelism, particularly the method by Linds1ey and its variants [4][5][6][7][8][9], with &dquo;cutting ratio&dquo; as the more convenient measure to ex-press fiber orientation, made it advisable to compare this latter parameter with minimum twist of cohesion, to find to what extent such measures could represent, each in a different way. the (legree of parallelism and orienta-' tion for a sliver or roving.…”

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The Relationship Between Minimum Twist of Cohesion and "Cutting Ratio" in Cotton Rovings

Barella

Sust

1965

Textile Research Journal

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285he gave, the 12 samples were presented to two groups of people with the request that softness of hand should be regarded as superior hand and lack of softness as undesirable. The groups were four wool classers who handle greasy wool regularly and who claim that softness is always a desirable trait in hami ; four female laboratory assistants who in past experimental work have shown considerable sensitivity in the tactile sense. Each member of each group working seharatelv was asked to place the 12 samples in descending order of excellence of hand, the visual sense being at10wed to remain active. The three assessor groups were nantecl A ( wool buyer), B (four wool claaers ) , and (' (four fentale assistants). The total result for B and C groups was obtained by allotting points for positions 1-12 from soft to least soft, summing-and drawing the obvious conclusions.The respective orders given lw .B. B and C were :The observations that arise from these three sulljective decisions on hand are:1. There is a surprising ditference between the order given hy A and the orders given by groups B ancl C (e.g., note the position of 10, which suggests that A is not concerned with mean diameter in his assessment), 2. The order gi ven by A (wool buyer) shows that, as hand becomes less desirahle, there is (a) a slight trend to lower wax and higher suint cotitetits. together with increased staple leiigths : (h) some tendency to expect the clistal staple crimp frequency to 1>e helow 10 cpi, which suggests that he is not looking for the finest laml>s' wool to meet his needs: (c) no re1ations};ip with mean fiber diameter in his selection of desirahle manufacturing raw materials. ,-. 3. The order given by B (wool classers), who assert that soft hand is the best, shows that, as hand' becomes less desirable, there is (a) a general trend.. but not without exception (note position of 7 and 9 in B and C). toward an increase in mean filier diameter as the hand goes from softest to least soft; (b ) no trend in wax and suint contents, st;iple lengths, or in the comparative crimp frequencies of cliaal and proximal parts of the staple. , 4. The order given by (' (female assistants) shows that, as hand becomes less desirable, there is (a) a general trend toward ati increase in mean filier diameter as the hand goes from softest to least soft and again with exceptions: ( h ) no trends in wax and suint content. staple length, distal/proximal staple diameter ratio, or comparative crimp frequencies in the cliatal and 1)roxiiiial staple. , The exercise emphasized the differences that can exist in defining desirable hand in wool. BB'Iiiie talking in terms of hand. the wuul buyer (A) may he looking for indications (hy the (ii.,til crimp) of coarser or longer fil>ers or he may haB'e heen influenced by the changing composition of the &dquo;yulk&dquo; (wax-suint) content, hut quite utiexl)ecte(llB, mean nber diameter does not appear to be important in his chmicr. Croups Hand C appear, to have shown some sensitivity to mean fiber diameter, a result which i...

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Some Studies on the Formation of Hooks in Carding

Cited by 22 publications

References 2 publications

Studies on Hook Formation and Cylinder Loading on the Cotton Card

Studies on Hook Formation and Cylinder Loading on the Cotton Card

The Effect of the Sliver Fiber Configuration on the Cotton Inter-fiber Frictional Forces

The Relationship Between Minimum Twist of Cohesion and "Cutting Ratio" in Cotton Rovings

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