Some systemic criteria of the differentiation between fundamental and applied terminologies
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The article is devoted to the study of the English-language Digital Photography terminological units by building a terminological network, namely, identifying key categories of special notions and system relations between the corresponding terminological units to prove that the analyzed terminological system is mainly applied. These features of the terminological system are identified and classified by building a terminological network. The primary task was to determine the main categories of special notions that are frequentlyverbalized by the English-language Digital hotography terminological units drawing on the example of the analysis of definitions of key terms, as well as to calculate the types of relations between the designated categories. In this regard, the study of a term as a system unit that occupies a clearly defined place in the subsystem of professional lexis becomes possible with the help of a terminological semantic network, which shows that the relationships and categories which the correlating terms belong to are not random. Digital Photography terminological units in the modern English language, which have been taken from the English-language online dictionaries, reference books, glossaries, and Internet portals dedicated to the topic in question, have served as the material for the research. Terms of one category can be associated with the representatives of other categories by means of recurrent system relationships, thus forming prototypical schemes of interaction between terminological units. During the work the two groups of terms have been allocated: the first one consists of “material” terminological units, verbalizing natural objects/phenomena, natural / artificial substances, loci (places, locations), instruments and tools (parts of tools), simple and complex mechanisms and their components, natural / artificial materials, artificially created loci (places) or constructions. The second group includes non-material terms that nominate the category “actor”, processes, situations, characteristics, ideal phenomena. The predominant categories of notions in the sphere of Digital Photography are components of mechanisms /tools, processes, ideal phenomena, complex mechanisms, characteristics / parameters, which indicates the fact that the Digital Photography terminological system is mainly applied. The study has revealed that the most frequent types of system relations between notions and their verbalizers-the corresponding English-language Digital Photography terms are: AKO (system relations between hyperonym and hyponym), ISA (system relations of coincidence or inclusion in a set), SR (system relations between referents which make up the subject of influence and the result obtained within the same process), which also indicate the predominantly applied nature of the Digital Photography terminological system
The article is devoted to the study of the English-language Digital Photography terminological units by building a terminological network, namely, identifying key categories of special notions and system relations between the corresponding terminological units to prove that the analyzed terminological system is mainly applied. These features of the terminological system are identified and classified by building a terminological network. The primary task was to determine the main categories of special notions that are frequentlyverbalized by the English-language Digital hotography terminological units drawing on the example of the analysis of definitions of key terms, as well as to calculate the types of relations between the designated categories. In this regard, the study of a term as a system unit that occupies a clearly defined place in the subsystem of professional lexis becomes possible with the help of a terminological semantic network, which shows that the relationships and categories which the correlating terms belong to are not random. Digital Photography terminological units in the modern English language, which have been taken from the English-language online dictionaries, reference books, glossaries, and Internet portals dedicated to the topic in question, have served as the material for the research. Terms of one category can be associated with the representatives of other categories by means of recurrent system relationships, thus forming prototypical schemes of interaction between terminological units. During the work the two groups of terms have been allocated: the first one consists of “material” terminological units, verbalizing natural objects/phenomena, natural / artificial substances, loci (places, locations), instruments and tools (parts of tools), simple and complex mechanisms and their components, natural / artificial materials, artificially created loci (places) or constructions. The second group includes non-material terms that nominate the category “actor”, processes, situations, characteristics, ideal phenomena. The predominant categories of notions in the sphere of Digital Photography are components of mechanisms /tools, processes, ideal phenomena, complex mechanisms, characteristics / parameters, which indicates the fact that the Digital Photography terminological system is mainly applied. The study has revealed that the most frequent types of system relations between notions and their verbalizers-the corresponding English-language Digital Photography terms are: AKO (system relations between hyperonym and hyponym), ISA (system relations of coincidence or inclusion in a set), SR (system relations between referents which make up the subject of influence and the result obtained within the same process), which also indicate the predominantly applied nature of the Digital Photography terminological system
This article attempts to study the major mechanisms and methods for transformation of certain aspects of semantic construction through the process of borrowing terminologized units within new discoursive practices. The critical discourse-analysis and semasiology analysis, which implies revealing nuclear, adjacent and peripheral components in the generalized structure of the meaning, serves to identify the basic vectors of the individual meaning objectivation and desobjectivation. This meanings due to frequent objectified use, join the general scientific turnover of the receiving specialized field of knowledge as far the new discourse, and differ from the initial use of conventional initial discourse of the donor-sphere. The author explores rational, episodic, discoursive, situational and etymologically determined variants of various types of comprehension interaction while defining and distributing generalized meaning, which play a key role in shaping a clear and unambiguous idea of “ways for representing the cognitive-content principle” in various discourse types. The research is carried out following the terms of the institutional discourses belonging to cognitive linguistics, concept and discourse studies, which are currently going through the stage of formation and consolidation. The representation of a significant cognitive unit with a new term borrowed from a related discoursive practice, while its entering as a potential core of the lexical housing of associative binding depends on the degree of mastering and sharing of peripheral semantics by discourse agents as well as on the adequacy of extralinguistic discourse components. It is the production of verbal-mental integration, in view of the remaining associative parameters that were not involved in the interaction of nuclear, etymological and episodic discoursive components, which will represent the actual meaning of the occasional borrowed term. The desobjectivation of the terminological meaning in this case should be based on the background knowledge realized in generated discourse, on the specific field of information-knowledge continuum, as well as on “action schemes” introduced intentionally by the producer of the term.
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