Some Unusual Erosion Features in the Loess of China

Fuller, Myron L.

doi:10.2307/208591

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…This triggered the reactivation of paleokarstic systems resulting in sinkhole collapse (Kaufmann and Quinif 1999). Several other cities worldwide undergo subsidence and/or collapse attributed to groundwater withdrawal, construction activities, or a combination of both: Kanus, China (Fuller 1922); Kamloops, Canada (Buckham and Cockfield 1950); Memphis, Tennessee, USA (Terzaghi 1931); and West Driefontein, South Africa (Douglas 2013). Other regions that have possible collapse problems in urban areas can be seen in southern China, Southeast Asia, northern Australia, the Middle East, Central America, Caribbean, and South America (Day 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating karst geotechnical risk in the urbanized area of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2015

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An increase in groundwater consumption in the municipality of Sete Lagoas (Minas Gerais, Brazil) has induced subsidence and collapse in the last three decades. The area is associated with natural karst conditions. The primary objective of this research was to evaluate and identify the potential subsidence or collapse risk zones. Aerial photographs, lithologic well profiles, optical well logs, and geologic mapping were utilized to categorize risk factors influencing karst subsidence and collapse, which were then applied to an index system. The study showed that the majority of the urbanized area overlies mantled limestone from the Sete Lagoas Formation covered with unconsolidated sediments, contained within a graben, resulting in barrier boundaries for groundwater flow. This structure, together with natural karst processes, explains the location of solutionally enlarged beddingplane conduits and high hydraulic conductivity in the limestone. Five risks zones in the municipality were identified (negligible, low, moderate, considerable, and high risks) related to geologic and hydrologic risk factors. The urbanized area is located largely in the high risk zone where the majority of the collapse features are located. Additional intensive groundwater extraction in that area will likely generate additional events.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating karst geotechnical risk in the urbanized area of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2015

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“…Drainage in areas of thick loess is almost entirely subterranean through pipes and fissures. Enlargement of pipes can lead to cavern formation and ultimately collapse (Landes, 1933;Fuller, 1922;Barbour, 1935).…”

Section: N Loess Landformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loess

Pye

1984

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

104

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“…Fuller's divisions include morphological forms such as (1) Natural loess bridges, (2) Loess dams or walls, (3) Loess pointed towers or peaks, and (4) Loess wells. The loess pyramid on Titelski breg corresponds morphologically to Fuller's (1922) category of loess towers or tops, and also fits within a subgroup of conical peaks, based on its morphological characteristics. According to Fuller (1922), conical peaks are sharp slopes and mostly rounded peaks with heights up to twice the diameter of the base peak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…None of these studies have mentioned the existence or genesis of pyramidal structure in thick loess. The only foreign author who has devoted attention to these unusual loess forms is Fuller (1922), who developed a nomenclature for loess deposits in China. Fuller's divisions include morphological forms such as (1) Natural loess bridges, (2) Loess dams or walls, (3) Loess pointed towers or peaks, and (4) Loess wells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing the loess pyramid: An unusual landform in the thick loess deposits of Vojvodina, Serbia

et al. 2016

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In this paper we introduce the term "loess pyramid" for an unusual form of relief in thick loess deposits. From a distance, the loess pyramid resembles a haystack; this is why it is known as "the haystack" by the local residents. Its erosional origin is conditional, occurring only where loess deposits are thick and gully erosion changes direction significantly. We describe a loess pyramid on a thick loess section near the Tisa (Tisza) River in Titel province, Serbia. The pyramid has a maximum altitude of 111.6 m, a width of 82 m and a length of 52 m. It is framed by two smaller gullies that belong to one hydrological system, but each has different morphological properties. The gullies output directly to the floodplain of the Tisa River, which cut the escarpment that the pyramid is set within. Given the relatively small number of references from the international and geomorphological literature on such landforms, this study represents an interesting contribution to the geomorphology of loess landscapes.

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Some Unusual Erosion Features in the Loess of China

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluating karst geotechnical risk in the urbanized area of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Evaluating karst geotechnical risk in the urbanized area of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Loess

Introducing the loess pyramid: An unusual landform in the thick loess deposits of Vojvodina, Serbia

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