2023
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1091629
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Somitic mesoderm morphogenesis is necessary for neural tube closure during Xenopus development

Abstract: Neural tube closure is a fundamental process during vertebrate embryogenesis, which leads to the formation of the central nervous system. Defective neural tube closure leads to neural tube defects which are some of the most common human birth defects. While the intrinsic morphogenetic events shaping the neuroepithelium have been studied extensively, how tissues mechanically coupled with the neural plate influence neural tube closure remains poorly understood. Here, using Xenopus laevis embryos, live imaging in… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(3 citation statements)
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References 64 publications
(118 reference statements)
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“…Thus, the elongated shape of cells at the hinges may be driven by passive mechanical responses instead of planar polarized junctional shrinking. Notably, while our mosaic RNA and MO injections suggest a role of intrinsic forces in epithelial folding, similar to previous studies 44 , 50 , 51 , they do not exclude the role of global forces derived from the surrounding mesodermal tissues in NT closure. These observations highlight similar roles of mechanical forces in the regulation of cell shape and epithelial tissue dynamics in other systems, especially in Drosophila ventral furrow formation 30 , 52 55 .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 71%
“…Thus, the elongated shape of cells at the hinges may be driven by passive mechanical responses instead of planar polarized junctional shrinking. Notably, while our mosaic RNA and MO injections suggest a role of intrinsic forces in epithelial folding, similar to previous studies 44 , 50 , 51 , they do not exclude the role of global forces derived from the surrounding mesodermal tissues in NT closure. These observations highlight similar roles of mechanical forces in the regulation of cell shape and epithelial tissue dynamics in other systems, especially in Drosophila ventral furrow formation 30 , 52 55 .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 71%
“…The lack of spinal phenotypes in embryos lacking CFL1 primarily in the neuroepithelium was unexpected (21). We cannot exclude potential additive or synergistic effects arising from disruptions of different tissues in our Grhl3 Cre model, as previously observed in Xenopus ( 56, 57 ). However, Cdx2 Cre deletes Cfl1 first in the neuroepithelium and then in both the neuroepithelium and surface ectoderm at later stages, but only causes a low penetrance of kinked tail phenotypes consistent with delayed closure.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…Greater bending at the MHP and DLHPs is facilitated by apical constriction, making these cells adopt a wedged shape. This wedging may be due to intrinsic factors, such as actomyosin‐driven contraction (Christodoulou & Skourides, 2015; Sawyer et al ., 2010), or extrinsic pushing and adhesion forces generated by the expansion of the mesoderm and non‐neural ectoderm and the anchoring of the neural plate to the notochord as well as the pulling force generated by the zippering of the dorsal tips of the neural fold (Christodoulou & Skourides, 2022; de Goederen et al ., 2022). The wedge shape of cells at the MHP and DLHP may suggest stronger parallel OCAs to cohere cells at the apical ends and to support apical constriction than parallel OCAs outside of the hinge points.…”
Section: Antiparallel and Parallel Apical Ocas In The Neural Keelmentioning
confidence: 99%