Song Sparrows vs. Cowbird Brood Parasites: Impacts of Forest Structure and Nest-Site Selection

Nest survival of Woodpigeons (Columba palumbus) in North African forests

“…Immediately after determining the fate of a nest, we measured 11 environmental variables, including altitude, nest-site habitat, nest location and human disturbance (Table 2). Grazing-disturbancerelated variables (Harrison et al 2010(Harrison et al , 2011 were measured within a 5-m radius centerd on a nest tree (Larison et al 1998, Martin 1998). …”

Least Bell's Vireo Breeding Records in the Central Valley Following Decades of Extirpation

“…Local habitat features around the nest, such as vegetation composition and structure, as well as habitat configuration and landscape context, have been shown to affect levels of nest parasitism and predation (Freemark et al 1995, Larison et al 1998, Hochachka et al 1999, Tewksbury et al 2002. As a result of the conversion of native habitats to farms and pastures, the Brown-headed Cowbird has undergone a population explosion and range expansion during the twentieth century (Rothstein et al 1980, Laymon 1987, Lowther 1993.…”

Occurrence and nest survival of four thrush species on a managed central Appalachian forest

“…For example, in some songbird species, successful cowbird nest parasitism was greater at nest sites with more trees (Freeman et al, 1990) and at nests with more overhead foliage (Larison et al, 1998). Furthermore, Duguay et al (2001) documented greater nest parasitism rates associated with deferment harvests than with clearcuts.…”