Sonic and ultrasonic scalers in periodontal treatment: a review

Abstract

Periodontal therapy aims at arresting periodontal infection and maintaining a healthy periodontium. The periodic mechanical removal of subgingival microbial biofilms is essential for controlling inflammatory periodontal disease. Mechanical periodontal therapy consists of scaling, root planing and gingival curettage. The sonic and ultrasonic scalers are valuable tools in the prevention of periodontal disease. The vibration of scaler tips is the main effect to remove the deposits from the dental surface, such as bacterial plaque, calculus and endotoxin. However, constant flushing activity of the lavage used to cool the tips and cavitational activity result in disruption of the weak and unattached subgingival plaque. The aim of the study was to review the safety, efficacy, role and deleterious side-effects of sonic and ultrasonic scalers in mechanical periodontal therapy.

Detection, removal and prevention of calculus: Literature Review

“…6-8). Arabaci et al (2007) found that the piezoelectric system was more efficient in calculus removal compared to magnetostrictive and hand instrumentation, but they left tooth surface rougher. Other studies have shown contradictory results with each other.…”

The effects of ultrasonic scaling duration and replication on caspase-3 expression of Sprague Dawley rat's pulp cells

“…This is consistent with the explanation that the increase in temperature of ultrasonic scaling can damage the pulp and disrupt circulatory system resulting in dental pulpitis or necrosis. 11 The effects caused by ultrasonic wave exposure to tissue is thermal, mechanical (cavitation and microstreaming), and chemical (sonochemistry). Clinical effect is depending on the application technique used.…”

Di̇ştaşlari Temi̇zli̇ği̇, Kök Yüzeyi̇ Düzleşti̇rmesi̇ Ve Poli̇sajda Güncel Kavramlar: Derleme

“…Alet ucu 25000-45000 saykıllık (cycles) frekanslarda titreşerek sert eklentilerin kırılıp parçalan-masına yol açar. Bu arada oluşan ısıyı önlemek üzere çalışmayla eşzamanlı su fışkırtılır 12 .…”