Sonochemical synthesis of Au/Pd nanoparticles on the surface of LiFePO₄/C cathode material for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

With the aim of investigating the deposition of Au/Pd core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) on cathode materials to decrease charge transfer resistance, Au/Pd core–shell NPs were successfully synthesized and deposited on LiFePO4 coated with carbon (LiFePO4/C) using ultrasound irradiation. Transmission electron microscopy observation confirmed that dispersed Au/Pd NPs with an average particle size of 7.2 nm were deposited on LiFePO4/C. An X-ray diffraction measurement evidenced a peak shifting from 38.2° to 39.1° upon calcination at 400 °C in Ar atmosphere, which can be attributed to the phase transition of the Au/Pd NPs from core–shell to alloy.

Characterization as measurement sound source of acoustic cavitation noise from bubble clusters under ultrasonic horn

“…[4][5][6] Therefore, numerous attempts have been made to apply this phenomenon to various applications. [7][8][9][10][11][12] The radiation of shockwaves due to vibration, one of the mechanical effects of bubbles, results in acoustic emission called acoustic cavitation noise. The acoustic cavitation noise frequency spectrum reflects the bubbles' vibration state.…”

Study on the efficiency of a transducer for sonochemistry by calorimetry

“…Sonochemistry, which uses ultrasound in water to induce or enhance chemical reactions, has been applied to synthesis, [1][2][3][4][5][6] decomposition, [7][8][9] dispersion, [10][11][12] aggregation, 13,14) agitation, 15) extraction, 16) cleaning, 17,18) atomization, [19][20][21][22] CO 2 capture and storage, 23,24) and wastewater treatment. 25) The performance of a sonochemical reactor can be evaluated through dosimetry measurements of the amount of substance in the reacted material.…”