Sonographic evaluation of peripheral nerve pathology in the emergency setting

Mallon, Shane; Starcevic, Vladimir; Rheinboldt, Matthew; Petraszko, Andrew

doi:10.1007/s10140-018-1611-1

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The history, neurological examination, and electrodiagnostic tests are generally used to diagnose the cause. Aside from neurophysiological assessment, highresolution US provides an increasing amount of complementary morphological information about nerves and their surrounding tissues [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of nerve ultrasound versus electrophysiological studies in the evaluation of nerve injuries

El-Fayoumy

Elgendy

Saad

et al. 2020

Egypt J Neurol Psychiatry Neurosurg

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Background: High-resolution ultrasonography (US) is a non-invasive, readily applicable imaging modality capable of depicting real-time static and dynamic information concerning the peripheral nerves and their surrounding tissues. Although electrophysiological studies are the gold standard in the evaluation of nerve injuries, US can be used also to evaluate the morphological changes of nerve injuries. Objectives: To evaluate the role of the high-resolution US in the assessment of nerve injuries and to compare it to the role of electrodiagnostic studies. Subjects and methods: A total of 30 nerves from 22 consecutive patients with clinically definite nerve injury were considered. Two independent and blinded clinicians perform electrodiagnosis and US. The clinical, neurophysiological, and US findings were collected, and the contribution of US was then classified as " contributive" or "non-contributive", according to whether US confirmed the clinical and neurophysiological diagnosis or not. Results: US was "contributive" (confirming the electrophysiological diagnosis) in 66.67% of cases (n = 20), providing information about continuity of the nerve, morphological changes after injury as swelling, scar tissue formation, or neuroma formation with sensitivity of 75% compared to the electrodiagnostic studies and accuracy of 66.67%. Conclusion: Ultrasound can be used, when available, as a complementary tool for electrodiagnostic studies to provide anatomical information about the injured nerves in case of complete axonal lesion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though clinical evaluation and electrophysiological studies remain a mainstay in the initial detection and diagnosis of peripheral nerve pathologies, US is playing complementary and growing roles in the overall clinical workup, localizing focal injury and entrapment and potentially obviating invasive nerve conduction studies [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of nerve ultrasound versus electrophysiological studies in the evaluation of nerve injuries

El-Fayoumy

Elgendy

Saad

et al. 2020

Egypt J Neurol Psychiatry Neurosurg

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“…Ultrasound can assess the echogenicity of nerves and identify soft tissue or osseous causes of nerve compression. It allows the ability to compare with the contralateral side, as well as dynamic imaging capabilities, as demonstrated in this case [ 8 , 13 ]. MRI can evaluate nerve damage based on signal characteristics and can demonstrate secondary signs of nerve injury, including intramuscular oedema or atrophy which is useful in a specific nerve distribution [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraosseous Type 2 Median Nerve Entrapment After Posterior Elbow Dislocation Diagnosed on Ultrasound With MRI and Surgical Correlation

O’Brien¹,

Teh²,

Rinaldi³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Median nerve entrapment is a rare complication of posterior elbow dislocation and medial epicondyle fracture. In the event of delayed diagnosis, this injury pattern may result in significant and sometimes irreversible nerve damage. As such, a high degree of clinical suspicion and early imaging is indicated in patients with persistent nerve deficits following reduction of elbow dislocation. Here, a case of intraosseous type 2 median nerve entrapment that was diagnosed on ultrasound in an eight-year-old patient following ulnohumeral dislocation is discussed. This article reviews the key imaging findings of median nerve entrapment and discusses the subsequent MRI and surgical findings of this rare condition.

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“…PNs are particularly vulnerable to injuries caused by mechanical, thermal, compressive or ischemic damages, drug injection injury, and other iatrogenic injuries [10,[24][25][26][27][28][29]. Seddon proposed a classification of nerve damage in the 1940s, defined with 3 levels.…”

Section: Pathology Of Peripheral Nerve Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

The progress of biomaterials in peripheral nerve repair and regeneration

Wang

Zhang²,

et al. 2020

Journal of Neurorestoratology

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Repair and regeneration of the injured peripheral nerve (PN) is a challenging issue in clinics. Although the regeneration outcome of large PN defects is currently unsatisfactory, recently, the study of PN repair has considerably progressed. In particular, biomaterials for repairing PNs, such as nerve guidance conduits and nerve repair membranes, have been well developed. Herein, we summarize the anatomy of the PN, the pathophysiological features of the nerve injury, and the repair process post injury. Then, we highlight the progress in the development of natural and synthetic biomaterials and summarize the applications, advantages, and disadvantages of these materials. These materials can be used as nerve repair membranes and nerve conduits in the field of PN repair. Finally, we discuss the challenges encountered and development strategies for PN repair in the future.

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Sonographic evaluation of peripheral nerve pathology in the emergency setting

Cited by 13 publications

References 56 publications

Role of nerve ultrasound versus electrophysiological studies in the evaluation of nerve injuries

Role of nerve ultrasound versus electrophysiological studies in the evaluation of nerve injuries

Intraosseous Type 2 Median Nerve Entrapment After Posterior Elbow Dislocation Diagnosed on Ultrasound With MRI and Surgical Correlation

The progress of biomaterials in peripheral nerve repair and regeneration

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