Sonographic Evaluation of the Normal and Abnormal Pancreas

Hecht, Silke; Henry, Goecke

doi:10.1053/j.ctsap.2007.05.005

Cited by 98 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Supportive ultrasonographic evidence of AP was defined and reported by the veterinary radiologist to include the presence of an enlarged, hypoechoic pancreatic tissue surrounded by hyperechoic peripancreatic mesentery, with or without peritoneal effusion, biliary duct dilatation and corrugation or thickening of the duodenal wall. 1,15 Additionally, in order to be given a final diagnosis of clinical AP, a minimum of 6 months follow-up was required to ensure exocrine pancreatic neoplasia was unlikely.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main finding with this diagnostic modality in AP is peri-pancreatic hyperechogenicity indicative of peri-pancreatic fat necrosis in the acute necrotizing form. 15 Pancreatic inflammation may also develop due to duodenal reflux, ischemia, or generalized peritonitis in association with other diseases such as septic peritonitis, abdominal hemorrhage, or intestinal foreign bodies. Therefore, despite the presence of histological and ultrasonographic severe pancreatic inflammation, pancreatitis may only be secondary and not be the cause of the clinical presentation in dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic accuracy of the SNAP and Spec canine pancreatic lipase tests for pancreatitis in dogs presenting with clinical signs of acute abdominal disease

Haworth

Hosgood

Swindells

et al. 2014

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Objectives -To (i) assess the clinical diagnostic accuracy of SNAP canine pancreatic lipase (cPL) and specific canine pancreatic lipase (Spec cPL) and (ii) assess the agreement of an abnormal test result between SNAP cPL and Spec cPL in dogs presenting with acute abdominal disease. Design -Prospective observational cohort study. Setting -University teaching hospital emergency center. Animals -Thirty-eight client-owned dogs that presented with acute abdominal disease, with a known final diagnosis between March 2009 and April 2010. Dogs were retrospectively assigned into 2 groups, dogs with acute pancreatitis (AP) (Group 1) and dogs without AP (Group 2). Interventions -Paired serum samples obtained within 24 hours of presentation were analyzed using the SNAP cPL test and Spec cPL assay. Measurements and Results -SNAP cPL clinical sensitivity and specificity was 82% (9/11 dogs of group 1) and 59% (16/27 dogs of group 2), respectively. Spec cPL clinical sensitivity and specificity was 70% (7/10 dogs of group 1) and 77% (20/26 dogs of group 2), respectively. Accuracy of the SNAP and Spec cPL for a clinical diagnosis of pancreatitis was found to be 66% and 75%, respectively. Agreement between a positive SNAP (cPL ≥ 200 g/L) and a clinical diagnosis pancreatitis resulted in = 0.33. Agreement between an increased Spec (cPL ≥ 400 g/L) and a clinical diagnosis of pancreatitis resulted in a = 0.43. The agreement between SNAP and Spec cPL (cPL ≥ 200 g/L) for the entire cohort resulted in = 0.78. Conclusion -SNAP cPL and Spec cPL results may provide a "false positive" diagnosis of pancreatitis in up to 40% of dogs presenting with acute abdominal disease. There is good overall agreement between SNAP cPL and Spec cPL; however, there were 4/38 dogs with positive SNAP cPL and "normal" Spec cPL. (J Vet Emerg Crit Care 2014; 24(2): 135-143)

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of the SNAP and Spec canine pancreatic lipase tests for pancreatitis in dogs presenting with clinical signs of acute abdominal disease

Haworth

Hosgood

Swindells

et al. 2014

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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“…26,27 A variety of ultrasonographic changes have been reported in cats with pancreatitis, including a normal pancreas. 18,27,28 For a definitive diagnosis, cytology or even histology is required. Unfortunately, cytologic or histologic diagnoses were not available in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Ultrasonographic evidence of pancreatic disease included diffuse hypoechogenicity, hyperechogenicity or heterogenicity, enlargement, irregular borders, nodules, masses, pseudocysts or abcesses, and concomitant findings such as hyperechoic mesentery, focal abdominal effusion, lymph node enlargement, corrugation of the duodenum, and signs of extrahepatic biliary obstruction. 18 Because sonographic findings overlap for different pancreatic diseases, a definitive diagnosis was not possible. The final radiologic assessment, therefore, consisted of either acute or chronic pancreatic disease.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Concurrent Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remission of diabetes mellitus in cats with diabetic ketoacidosis

2009

Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery

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BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has long been considered a key clinical feature of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in humans although. An increasing number of cases of ketoacidosis have been reported in people with type-2 DM. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: Cats initially diagnosed with DKA can achieve remission from diabetes. Cats with DKA and diabetic remission are more likely to have been administered glucocorticoids before diagnosis. ANIMALS: Twelve cats with DKA and 7 cats with uncomplicated DM. METHODS: Retrospective case review. Medical records of cats presenting with DKA or DM were evaluated. Diabetic remission was defined as being clinically unremarkable for at least 1 month after insulin withdrawal. The cats were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (1) cats with DKA and diabetic remission; (2) cats with DKA without diabetic remission; and (3) cats with DM and diabetic remission. RESULTS: Seven cats with DKA had remission from diabetes. These cats had significantly higher concentrations of leukocytes and segmented neutrophils, and significantly lower concentrations of eosinophils in blood and had pancreatic disease more often than did cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission. With regard to pretreatment, 3/7 cats in group 1, 1/5 cats in group 2, and 1/7 cats in group 3 had been treated with glucocorticoids. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Remission of DM in cats presenting with DKA is possible. Cats with DKA and remission have more components of a stress leucogram, pancreatic disease, and seemed to be treated more often with glucocorticoids than cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission. Remission of Diabetes Mellitus in Cats with Diabetic KetoacidosisN.S. Sieber-Ruckstuhl, S. Kley, F. Tschuor, E. Zini, S. Ohlerth, F.S. Boretti, and C.E. Reusch Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has long been considered a key clinical feature of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in humans although. An increasing number of cases of ketoacidosis have been reported in people with type-2 DM.Hypothesis/Objectives: Cats initially diagnosed with DKA can achieve remission from diabetes. Cats with DKA and diabetic remission are more likely to have been administered glucocorticoids before diagnosis.Animals: Twelve cats with DKA and 7 cats with uncomplicated DM. Methods: Retrospective case review. Medical records of cats presenting with DKA or DM were evaluated. Diabetic remission was defined as being clinically unremarkable for at least 1 month after insulin withdrawal. The cats were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (1) cats with DKA and diabetic remission; (2) cats with DKA without diabetic remission; and (3) cats with DM and diabetic remission.Results: Seven cats with DKA had remission from diabetes. These cats had significantly higher concentrations of leukocytes and segmented neutrophils, and significantly lower concentrations of eosinophils in blood and had pancreatic disease more often than did cats with uncomplicated DM and diabetic remission. With regard to pretreatment, 3/7 cats in group 1, 1/5 cats in group...

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“…Na pancreatite aguda, há aumento de tamanho pancreático, o qual pode apresentar irregular e hipoecogênico, com dilatação de ductos biliares e região peripancreática hiperecogênica. Na pancreatite crônica, há diminuição de tamanho pancreático, o qual pode apresentar parênquima com ecogenicidade mista, ecotextura nodular, sombra acústica devido à mineralização e cicatrização, além de dilatação de dutos pancreáticos (HECHT & HENRY, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified