Sonographic incidence of polycystic ovaries in a gynecological population

Botsis, D.; Kassanos, D; Pyrgiotis, E.; Zourlas, Pantelis A.

doi:10.1046/j.1469-0705.1995.06030182.x

Cited by 48 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…This prevalence of polycystic ovaries (41%) in the women with previous GDM is twice as large as that reported for premenopausal women overall (16,17,32). The figure should be regarded as approximate and in need of verification by further studies because dropouts may introduce some selection bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

High Prevalence of Polycystic Ovaries and Associated Clinical, Endocrine, and Metabolic Features in Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Holte

Gennarelli

Wide

et al. 1998

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

104

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The prevalence of polycystic ovaries, according to ultrasonography, and associated clinical, endocrine, and metabolic features were investigated in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Thirty-four women with GDM 3-5 yr before the investigation and 36 controls with uncomplicated pregnancies, selected for similar age, parity, and date of delivery, were investigated. The women with previous GDM showed a higher prevalence of polycystic ovaries [14 of 34 (41%) vs. 1 of 36 (3%); P Ͻ 0.0001], hirsutism (P Ͻ 0.01), irregular menstrual cycles (P Ͻ 0.01), and a higher body mass index (BMI; P Ͻ 0.001) than the controls. Five women (15%) with previous GDM had developed manifest diabetes (excluded in comparisons of metabolic variables). After dividing the women with previous GDM into subgroups according to ovarian appearance, the 2 subgroups showed similar glucose tolerance and prevalence of diabetes, whereas the women with polycystic ovaries were younger (mean Ϯ SD, 33.3 Ϯ 1.4 vs. 38.2 Ϯ 1.1; P Ͻ 0.01), had higher truncal-abdominal/femoral fat ratio according to skin folds (P Ͻ 0.05), had higher concentrations of androstenedione (P Ͻ 0.01) and testosterone (P Ͻ 0.01), and had a higher LH/FSH ratio (P Ͻ 0.01), lower levels of GH (P Ͻ 0.01), higher levels of triglycerides (P Ͻ 0.05) and cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.05) in very low density lipoprotein, all independent of age and BMI, and had a higher prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (50% vs. 15%; P Ͻ 0.05) during the index pregnancy compared with the women with normal ovaries.The group of women with GDM showed a lower early insulin release after glucose (iv glucose tolerance test) for their degree of insulin resistance (euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp) compared with controls (P Ͻ 0.05). In the two subgroups, insulin sensitivity was lower in the polycystic ovaries group, independent of BMI (P Ͻ 0.05), than in the group with normal ovaries.In conclusion, ultrasonographic, clinical and endocrine signs of polycystic ovary syndrome were much increased in women with a history of GDM. Compared with the women with normal ovaries and previous GDM, those with polycystic ovaries formed a distinct subgroup that may be more prone to develop various features of the insulin resistance syndrome. Both groups showed a similarly disturbed balance between ␤-cell activity and insulin sensitivity, but in women with polycystic ovaries, insulin resistance may be the dominant component. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83: 1143-1150, 1998 G ESTATIONAL diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance with onset in pregnancy (1), complicates 0.2-8% of pregnancies, the great variation largely depending on variations in ethnic background and diagnostic criteria (2-4). GDM is a strong risk factor for noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) (4, 5). The pathogenetic mechanisms underlying GDM involve an imbalance between the capacity of the pancreatic ␤-cells and the increased demands for insulin due to decreased insulin sensitivity during pregnancy (5-9). Women...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

High Prevalence of Polycystic Ovaries and Associated Clinical, Endocrine, and Metabolic Features in Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Holte

Gennarelli

Wide

et al. 1998

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PCO have been found in childhood, the prevalence increasing with age from 6% at 6 years of age, until 26% of the scans at 15 years of age (Bridges et al, 1993). The prevalence of PCO in normal women of reproductive age is reported to range from 14% to 33% (Polson et al, 1988;Clayton et al, 1992;Botsis et al, 1995;Michelmore et al, 1999;Koivunen et al, 1999). Taponen et al (2004) found 47.9% of women with oligomenorrhoea only, 18.4% hirsutism only and 70.4% with both symptoms to have PCO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic ovaries and associated clinical and biochemical features among women with infertility in a tertiary hospital in Tanzania

Pembe

Abeid²

2010

Tanzania J Hlth Res

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The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of polycystic ovaries (PCO) and associated clinical and biochemical features among women with infertility attending gynaecological outpatient department (GOPD) at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. All women with infertility attending the GOPD from 11 th September 2006 to 15 th February 2007 were recruited to the study. Information on socio-demographic, obstetric and menstrual characteristics was collected. Anthropometric measurement, clinical examination of acne and hirsutism, vaginal ultrasonography for PCO and biochemical analysis of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone were performed. All 102 women who attended the GOPD during the study period due to infertility were recruited. Two women were excluded after diagnosis of pregnancy made by hormonal assay and ultrasonography thus remaining with 100 women for analysis. Oligomenorrhoea and acne were significantly higher in a group of women with PCO than among women with normal ovaries. The mean hirsutism score though was not significant, was higher in women with PCO than in women with normal ovaries (5.1±2.7 vs. 4±2.4, P<0.057). Using the Rotterdam criteria 32 (32%) women were diagnosed to have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Among these women 25 (78.1%) had PCO, 24 (75%) had signs of oligoanovulation, and 18 (56.3%) had hirsutism. Among 68 women with no PCOS, 7 (10.3%) had polycystic ovaries, 15 (22.1%) had signs of oligoanovulation and 6 (8.8%) had hirsutism. In conclusion, polycystic ovaries are common among women with infertility, however are not necessarily associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Doctors should investigate their clients for PCOS and offer appropriate treatment. _______________________________________________________________________________________

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“…Epidemiological studies have resulted in estimates of prevalence, in women of reproductive age, that range from 6.5% to 8% using biochemical and/or clinical evidence, [4][5][6][7] and ultrasound-based studies have reported a prevalence of 20% or more. [8][9][10][11] Therefore, in a population of seven million Canadian women aged between 15 and 44 years, as many as 1.4 million women may be afflicted with this disorder. 12 It has been our experience that many, if not most, women are first given a diagnosis of PCOS when they present to a reproductive endocrinologist with infertility, and that in the years following last delivery and continuing to reproductive senescence there is a clear tendency to forgo long-term management of symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Criteria for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pitfalls and Controversies

Lujan

Chizen

Pierson

2008

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada

148

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It is estimated that as many as 1.4 million Canadian women may be afflicted with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Although PCOS is heralded as one of the most common endocrine disorders occurring in women, its diagnosis, management, and associated long-term health risks remain controversial. Historically, the combination of androgen excess and anovulation has been considered the hallmark of PCOS. To date, while these symptoms remain the most prevalent among PCOS patients, neither is considered an absolute requisite for the syndrome. Inclusion of ultrasonographic evidence of polycystic ovaries as a diagnostic marker has substantially broadened the phenotypic spectrum of PCOS, yet much debate surrounds the validity of these newly identified milder variants of the syndrome. Difficulty in resolving the spectrum of PCOS stems from the continued use of inconsistent and inaccurate methods of evaluating androgen excess, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. At present, there is no clear-cut definition of biochemical hyperandrogenemia, particularly since we depend on poor laboratory standards for measuring androgens in women. Clinical signs of hyperandrogenism are ill-defined in women with PCOS, and the diagnosis of both hirsutism and polycystic ovarian morphology remains alarmingly subjective. Lastly, there is an inappropriate tendency to assign ovulatory status solely on the basis of menstrual cycle history or poorly timed endocrine measurements. In this review, we elaborate on these limitations and propose possible resolutions for clinical and research settings. By stimulating awareness of these limitations, we hope to generate a dialogue aimed at solidifying the evaluation of PCOS in Canadian women.

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Sonographic incidence of polycystic ovaries in a gynecological population

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

High Prevalence of Polycystic Ovaries and Associated Clinical, Endocrine, and Metabolic Features in Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

High Prevalence of Polycystic Ovaries and Associated Clinical, Endocrine, and Metabolic Features in Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Polycystic ovaries and associated clinical and biochemical features among women with infertility in a tertiary hospital in Tanzania

Diagnostic Criteria for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pitfalls and Controversies

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