Sonographic measurement of uterus and ovaries in premenarcheal healthy girls between 6 and 13 years old: Correlation with age and pubertal status

Razzaghy-Azar, Maryam; Ghasemi, Fariba; Hallaji, Farideh; Ghasemi, Amir; Ghasemi, Mehdi

doi:10.1002/jcu.20723

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Transabdominal pelvic ultrasound studies (n = 3) showed uterine volume that ranged between 2.5 and 3.5 cm 3 at 14 and 16.9 years of age, respectively. These uterine volumes referred to girls of 6–9 years of age or to pubertal Tanner 2 [Badouraki et al, ; Razzaghy‐Azar et al, ]. Only at 16.9 years, an endometrial echo of 2 mm was observed.…”

Section: Clinical Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homozygous deletion of TRMT10A as part of a contiguous gene deletion in a syndrome of failure to thrive, delayed puberty, intellectual disability and diabetes mellitus

Zung

Kori

Burundukov

et al. 2015

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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Two recent reports describe a new syndrome of intellectual disability, short stature, microcephaly, and young onset diabetes or disturbed glucose metabolism in association with inactivating mutations in the TRMT10A gene. We investigated the clinical spectrum presented by a 17-year-old female with a homozygous contiguous gene deletion involving the TRMT10A gene. From infancy, she presented with failure to thrive and microcephaly. Puberty was characterized by a slow and an inconsistent course of progression. Concomitantly, gonadotropin levels fluctuated between low and high levels which were compatible with gonadal failure. Unlike the previous reports, the patient had ketoacidosis at onset of diabetes and islet cell autoantibodies. Nevertheless, glycemic control was excellent (HbA1C 5.0%-6.2%). RT-PCR and Western blot analysis demonstrated a complete abolishment of TRMT10A mRNA and its translated protein. In order to elucidate the nature of diabetes in this patient, endogenous insulin secretion and glycemic control were evaluated by a glucagon stimulation test and continuous glucose monitoring both during insulin treatment and off therapy. Endogenous insulin secretion still persisted 22 months after onset of diabetes and relatively normal glucose levels were kept over 3 days without insulin treatment. The fluctuating course of puberty and diabetes may reflect intermittent apoptotic damages due to sensitization of the relevant cells to various stress agents in the absence of functional TRMT10A.

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Section: Clinical Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homozygous deletion of TRMT10A as part of a contiguous gene deletion in a syndrome of failure to thrive, delayed puberty, intellectual disability and diabetes mellitus

Zung

Kori

Burundukov

et al. 2015

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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“…Increased FNPO and OV continue to be favored over other morphological characteristics of the polycystic ovary, despite criticism that these metrics are not purely specific to PCOS. In healthy women, OV has been found to naturally vary with age (10, 11), stage of puberty (12, 13), body mass index (BMI)(14), and insulin levels (15). Multiple reports have indicated that the threshold for FNPO supported by the ASRM/ESHRE Rotterdam consensus (≥12 follicles) has contributed to an increased prevalence of polycystic ovaries among healthy women of reproductive age (16–18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicle number, not assessments of the ovarian stroma, represents the best ultrasonographic marker of polycystic ovary syndrome

Christ

Willis

Brooks

et al. 2014

Fertility and Sterility

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Objective To compare the diagnostic potential of ultrasonographic markers of ovarian morphology, used alone or in combination, to predict PCOS. Design A diagnostic test study using cross-sectional data collected from 2006 to 2011. Setting Academic hospital and clinical research unit. Participants 82 women with PCOS and 60 healthy female volunteers. Interventions None. Main Outcome Measures Follicle number per ovary (FNPO), ovarian volume (OV), follicle number per single cross-section (FNPS), follicle distribution pattern, stromal area, ovarian area, stromal to ovarian area ratio (S:A) and stromal index (SI). Results FNPO best predicted PCOS (R2=67%) with 85% sensitivity and 98% specificity, followed by OV (R2=44%), and FNPS (R2=36%). Neither S:AnorSI had predictive power for PCOS. In combination, FNPO+S:A and FNPO+SI most significantly predicted PCOS (R2=74% vs.73%, respectively). The diagnostic potentials of OV and FNPS were substantially improved when used in combination (OV+FNPO,R2=55%). Conclusions As a single metric, FNPO best predicted PCOS. While the addition of S:Aor SI improved the predictive power of FNPO, gains were marginal suggesting limited use in clinical practice. When image quality precludes a reliable estimation of FNPO, measurements of OV+FNPS provide the next closest level of diagnostic potential.

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“…Furthermore, disproportion of the uterus may reflect myometrial dysfunction and thus be associated with subfertility. Although normative data for uterine length and volume have been described for girls prior to puberty, there is a paucity of data in relation to uterine proportions for other age groups. We aimed to define normal values for uterine length, width and anteroposterior (AP) diameter for a wide range of ages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative data for uterine size according to age and gravidity and possible role of the classical golden ratio

Verguts

Ameye

Bourne

et al. 2013

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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Sonographic measurement of uterus and ovaries in premenarcheal healthy girls between 6 and 13 years old: Correlation with age and pubertal status

Abstract: The reference values for uterus and ovaries were determined in healthy girls. There is a progressive increase in size of internal female genitalia in relation to age, height, weight, and puberty. Uterine volume and body length presented the best correlation with age and stage of puberty.

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Homozygous deletion of TRMT10A as part of a contiguous gene deletion in a syndrome of failure to thrive, delayed puberty, intellectual disability and diabetes mellitus

Homozygous deletion of TRMT10A as part of a contiguous gene deletion in a syndrome of failure to thrive, delayed puberty, intellectual disability and diabetes mellitus

Follicle number, not assessments of the ovarian stroma, represents the best ultrasonographic marker of polycystic ovary syndrome

Normative data for uterine size according to age and gravidity and possible role of the classical golden ratio

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