Sorbitol and sucrose as carbon source for callus culture of some species of the Rosaceae

Abstract

Initiation of stem callus cultures on a nutrient medium with either 3% sucrose and (or) 3% sorbitol as carbon source was attempted with 17 species selected from the following genera of the Rosaceae: Amelanchier, two spp.; Crataegus, one sp.; Malus, one sp.; Prunus, nine spp.; Pyrus, one sp.; Sorbus, two spp.; and Spiraea, one sp. In the case of Malus pumila var. niedzwetzkyana (crabapple), sucrose and sorbitol media were equally effective in callus initiation, and equal growth was maintained on these media. Callus of Spiraea vanhouttei was initiated only on sucrose medium and no callus of Prunus tenella formed on either medium. With all other species, callus was initiated and (or) gave better growth on further subculture on sucrose than on sorbitol medium, except for Prunus persica (peach), which grew better on sorbitol.

Efficient cryopreservation of adventitious shoots of Begonia x erythrophylla using encapsulation–dehydration requires pretreatment with both ABA and proline

“…This inhibition was thought to be due to reduced starch synthesis during the early stages of organogenesis. Coffin et al (1976) suggested that exposure to a nonmetabolizable substrate could lead to the depletion of cells energetic reserves and that this could lead to damage affecting survival.…”

Effect of Different Carbon Sources on Relative Growth Rate, Internal Carbohydrates, and Mannitol 1-Oxidoreductase Activity in Celery Suspension Cultures

“…Wolter and Skoog (1966) reported that yields of F. americana callus were similar when mannitol was substituted for Suc in the growth medium. Sorbitol, a polyol that occurs abundantly in species of the Rosaceae, has been shown to be a good carbon substrate for cultures of Malus species and Prunus persica (Chong and Taper, 1972) and was able to support growth of 11 Rosaceae species (Coffin et al, 1976). Therefore, it is probable that the ability of cultured cells to grow on mannitol might be restricted to species that form and translocate this polyol to sinks.…”

Role of carbohydrates in micropropagation of cork oak

“…Despite the widespread use of sucrose, supported by the numerous successes obtained with this compound, other sugars have also been reported as being suitable carbon sources for tissue culture of different species. Sorbitol has been demonstrated to be effective for apple and related species (Coffin et al 1976;Pua & Chong 1985;Marino et al 1993). Reducing sugars such as glucose and fructose, not normally transported in sieve tubes, can be readily taken up and metabolized providing a better carbon source (Welander et al 1989).…”