Sorbus umbellata (Desf.) Fritsch var. umbellata Leaves: Optimization of Extraction Conditions and Investigation Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, and β-Glucuronidase Inhibitory Potential

Abstract

This study aimed to optimize the extraction conditions for Sorbus umbellata (Desf.) Fritsch var. umbellata leaves to maximize the phenolic content and their antioxidant activity and to investigate β-glucuronidase (GUS) enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials of the extracts obtained under optimum conditions. The optimum extraction conditions were found to be 78.2 and 79.7% solvent, 73.1 and 71.5°C, and 89.9 and 88.8 min to maximize phenolic content and antioxidant activity, respectively. Low values of coefficient of variations indicate the high reliability and reproducibility of the conducted extraction experiments. Bioactivity results showed that extracts had cytotoxic effect on the MCF-7 and A549 cells where the highest cell proliferation inhibition was observed for the A549 cell line (71.8% at 150 μg/mL). Staphylococcus aureus showed highest zone of inhibition (19.3 mm) in all bacteria followed by Escherichia coli. Additionally, extracts displayed potential GUS inhibitory activity. In conclusion, Sorbus umbellata leaf extract can be obtained by optimized cost-saving extraction and has a potential bioactivity to be utilized as a food ingredient for high value-added products and/or nutraceuticals development where it can combat oxidative stress and GUS mediated reactive metabolite formation.

The Sorbus spp.—Underutilised Plants for Foods and Nutraceuticals: Review on Polyphenolic Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Potential

“…Fritsch var. umbellata leaf extract demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxic effect to A549 and MCF-7 cells in MTT assay, while the highest cell proliferation inhibition was observed for the A549, 71.8% at 150 μg/mL [ 104 ].…”

Ethnopharmacologically important but underestimated genus Sorbus: a comprehensive review

“…Rutin a (FR, L), hyperoside b (FR, L), isoquercitrin c (FR, L), quercetin malonylglucoside (L), quercetin derivatives i (FR, L), kaempferol-3-glucoside (FR), kaempferol 3-rutinoside (FR), isorhamnetin rhamnoside hexoside (FR), isorhamnetyl acetyl hexoside (FR), apigenin hydroxyhexoside (FR), eriodictyol glucuronide (FR), phlorozin (FR) (2008b, 2009), Olszewska (2012), Matczak et al (2018) and Rutkowska et al (2019a, b) Table 1 continued Species Compounds References a-L-rhamnosyl(1 000 ¢¢¢? Glycosides Rutin (L) Ekin et al (2016), Kavak and Akdeniz (2019) hydroxybenzoic acids, such as protocatechuic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, were also detected in Sorbus genus. Other phenolics present in Sorbus species are listed in Table 4.…”

“…Despite all above-mentioned studies, the antimicrobial activity of rowan fruits is still poorly argued and seems to be quite weak. Kavak and Akdeniz (2019) examined antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract of Sorbus umbellata (Desf.) Fritsch var.…”

Physicochemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Capacity of Traditional Yogurt Fortified with Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Seed Extract at Different Levels

“…It was reported that temperature was an important factor in extraction since it is highly effective on diffusion of the molecules (Majd et al 2014, Kavak and Ülkü 2015, Cacace and Mazza, 2003. But, in extraction processes the temperature should not be so high to avoid degradation of the phenolics compounds thus an upper limit to optimize the bioactivity is critical (Kavak and Akdeniz 2019). The antioxidant activity was nearly same for 45 and 55 ºC.…”

“…Grape seed extract can be obtained from grape seeds using different extraction techniques. However, the bioactivity of the extracts from plants may vary on the extraction conditions such as temperature, solvent composition and time (Kavak and Akdeniz, 2019, Kavak and Kececi 2019, Kavak 2017. Therefore to obtain a bioactive grape seed extract such as having high antioxidant activity, suitable extraction conditions should be set (So-Young et al 2006, Jayaprakash et al 2003).…”