Sorption and Binding Mechanism of Polysaccharide Cleaving Soil Enzymes by Clay Minerals

Hamzehi, Ebrahim; Pflug, Werner

doi:10.1002/jpln.19811440509

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For the phyllosilicates, montmorillonite adsorbed more of both enzymes than kaolinite, but with the larger effect for amylase than cellulase ( Figure 1 ). This is in line with previous studies on the adsorption of extracellular enzymes on pure minerals with montmorillonite retaining more enzyme than kaolinite [ 28 , 29 , 30 ] and goethite with higher sorption for β-glucosidase than montmorillonite [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Persistent Activities of Extracellular Enzymes Adsorbed to Soil Minerals

et al. 2020

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Adsorption of extracellular enzymes to soil minerals is assumed to protect them against degradation, while modifying their activities at the same time. However, the persistence of the activity of adsorbed enzymes remains poorly understood. Therefore, we studied the persistence of cellulase and α-amylase activities after adsorption to soil amended with various amounts (+1, +5, and +10 wt.%) of three typical soil minerals, montmorillonite, kaolinite, and goethite. Soil without mineral addition (pure soil), pure minerals, and pure dissolved enzymes were used as references. Soil mineral–enzyme complexes were prepared and then incubated for 100 days; temporal changes in enzyme activities were analyzed after 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 days. The specific enzyme activities (activities normalized to protein content) and their persistence (activities relative to activities at day 0) were compared to enzyme activities in solution and after sorption to the control soil. Amylase adsorption to pure minerals increased in the following order: montmorillonite > kaolinite > goethite. That of cellulase increased in the following order: goethite > montmorillonite > kaolinite. Adsorption of enzymes to soils did not increase in the same order of magnitude as the addition of reactive binding sites. Based on inverse relationships between the amount of enzyme adsorbed and the specific enzyme activity and their persistency, we showed that a limited availability of sorption sites is important for high specific activity and persistence of the enzymes. This is probably the consequence of less and weaker bonds, as compared to a high availability of sorption sites, resulting in a smaller impact on the active sites of the enzyme. Hence, we suppose that the soil mineral phase supports microorganisms in less-sorptive environments by saving energy on enzyme production, since small enzyme release could already result in sufficient activities to degrade respective target carbon substrates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Persistent Activities of Extracellular Enzymes Adsorbed to Soil Minerals

et al. 2020

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“…Hamzehi and Pflug [19] showed that the sorption of polysaccharases (i.e., cellulases, amyloglucosidase, pectinase, and α-amylase) was highest at their IEP when the enzymes had no net charge. Therefore they suggested that sorption takes place through van der Waals type forces.…”

Section: Sorption and Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption and immobilization of cellulase on silicate clay minerals

Sinegani

Emtiazi

Shariatmadari

2005

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Proteins are strongly adsorbed to clay surfaces, reaching a maximum at their isoelectric point. This maximum has been variously interpreted as being due to electrostatic forces ( Norde & Lyklema, 1978), van der Waals forces ( Hamzehi & Pflug, 1981) and more recently as both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions ( Quiquampoix & Ratcliffe, 1992; Staunton & Quiquampoix, 1994; Quiquampoix et al . 1995 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction between soil organic matter and soil clay minerals by selective removal and controlled addition of organic matter

Cheshire

Dumat

Fraser

et al. 2000

European J Soil Science

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Organic matter can be removed from soil to varying extents using many chemical methods, but little information may be obtained on the nature of the organic matter thus removed and its chemical interactions with soil mineral components. We selected two surface soils, with similar organic carbon contents. Chemical analysis showed the presence of a range of amino acids and amino sugars. Quantitative mineralogical analysis revealed some differences between the soils, particularly in the poorly crystallized components. The clay-sized fractions were submitted to various chemical treatments, then the organic carbon remaining was investigated using infrared spectroscopy. We also studied the adsorption of puri®ed soil polysaccharide to some of these residues. The nature and proportion of organic matter removed by each of the treatments was broadly similar for both soils. Residual organic matter remaining was enriched in amide groups. The infrared spectrum after maximum removal of organic matter was very similar to that of the clay-sized fraction of soil from the equivalent C horizon. Differences in the ability of the clay residues from the two surface horizons to adsorb polysaccharide correlated with their original organic matter content and is postulated to be related to poorly ordered amorphous mineral matter. Oxidation of added polysaccharide showed no enhancement of nitrogen in the residue, indicating that it was not bonded to the clay fraction of soil by absorption through the amino groups, in addition to the conventionally postulated hydrogen bonding involving hydroxyl groups.L'interaction entre la matie Áre organique et les mine Âraux argileux du sol par l'extraction se Âlective et l'addition contro Ãle Âe de la matie Áre organique Re Âsume Â La matie Áre organique du sol peut e Ãtre de Âtruite avec une ef®ciacite Â variable par diverses techniques chimiques, par contre peu d'information est ainsi obtenue sur la nature de la matie Áre organique et ses interactions avec les compose Âs mine Âraux du sol. Nous avons choisi deux sols de surface, ayant des teneurs en matie Áre organique similaires. L'analyse chimique a mis en e Âvidence une gamme importante d'acides amine Âs et de sucres amine Âs. Une analyse mine Âralogique quantitative a montre Â quelques diffe Ârences entre les sols, notamment pour les compose Âs faiblement cristallise Âs. Les fractions argileuses ont subi divers traitements chimiques, puis le carbone organique restant a e Âte Â analyse Â par spectroscopie infrarouge. Nous avons e Âgalement e Âtudie Â l'adsorption de polysaccharide de sol puri®e Â sur certains de ces sols traite Âs. La nature et la proportion de matie Áre organique de Âtruite par chacun de ces traitements e Âtaient 497 assez similaires pour les deux sols. La matie Áre organique restant e Âtait enrichie en groupements amide. Les spectres infrarouges apre Ás destruction maximale de la matie Áre organique e Âtaient tre Ás similaires a Á celui de la fraction argileuse du sol de l'horizon C correspondant. Les diffe Ârences dans la capacit...

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Sorption and Binding Mechanism of Polysaccharide Cleaving Soil Enzymes by Clay Minerals

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Persistent Activities of Extracellular Enzymes Adsorbed to Soil Minerals

Persistent Activities of Extracellular Enzymes Adsorbed to Soil Minerals

Sorption and immobilization of cellulase on silicate clay minerals

The interaction between soil organic matter and soil clay minerals by selective removal and controlled addition of organic matter

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