Sorption of arsenic, cadmium, and lead by chars produced from fast pyrolysis of wood and bark during bio-oil production

Characterization and application of chars produced from pinewood pyrolysis and hydrothermal treatment

“…As for P700, the spectrum was quite flat indicating nearly all the polar functional groups including oxygen-containing groups have been decomposed during high-temperature pyrolysis. The above analysis was consistent with a previous reported that carboxylic and lactone groups decomposed in the range from 200°C to 800°C, phenol and ether group in the range from 500°C to 1000°C [22]. The low polar group density on the surface denoted significant hydrophobic character of P700.…”

“…It was observed that at pH < 3.2 the final pH value was almost equal to initial value while at pH P 3.2, the initial pH were higher than final value and the deviation trend increased with the increasing initial pH value especially for H300. The deviation was caused by the release of H + form the chars to the solution and this result was agreed with previous reports [22,25]. To obtain the maximum copper removal rate, all the following experiments were carried out at initial pH 6.2.…”

Characterization of biochars produced from oil palm and rice husks and their adsorption capacities for heavy metals

“…Liu and Zhang (2009) investigated the removal of Pb from water using biochars prepared from the hydrothermal liquefaction of pinewood and rice husks, and they found that the two biochars were quite effective at removing Pb from water. Biochars produced from rapid pyrolysis of the wood and barks of oaks were reported to adsorb Pb and Cd better than a commercial activated carbon per unit surface area (Mohan et al 2007). Barker et al (2011) showed that charcoal in soils has a distinct and important role in controlling As, Pb, Zn, Fe, and Mn speciation and their subsequent fates in the environment.…”

Preparation and characterization of biosorbents and copper sequestration from simulated wastewater

“…The use of these residues has, in general, given the process the more common name of biosorption with the adsorbent nominated as biosorbent. Various biosorbents developed from agrowastes and used for heavy metals removal include rice straw (Gao et al 2008), free algal biomass for biosorption of copper and zinc (Wan Maznah et al 2012), removal of copper and zinc sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris), cattail (Typha latifolia), and reed (Phragmites communis) as reported by Yeh et al (2011), biomass of Desmostachy bipannata (Kush, a religious plant of Hindus) (Kour et al 2012), peanut shell (Witek-Krowiak et al 2011), Peganum harmala seeds as a biosorbent to remove lead, zinc and cadmium ions from contaminated water (Zamani et al 2013), seaweed (Basha et al 2008), wood and bark (Mohan et al 2007), tea waste (Malkoc and Nuhoglu 2007), maize corn cob, jatropha oil cake, sugarcane bagasse (Dos Santos et al 2011), raw and treated Agave salmiana bagasse (Velazquez-Jimenez et al 2013), sawdust (Hashem et al 2013;Memon et al 2005), rice husk (Kumar and Bandyopadhyay 2006), marine algal biomass, bagasse fly ash (Rameshraja et al 2012), wool, olive cake, sawdust, pine needles, Aleppo pine adsorbent (Benyoucef and Amrani 2011), almond shells, impregnated palm shell activated carbon with polyethyleneimine (Owlad et al 2010), Camellia oleifera Abel shells (Lu et al 2013), cactus leaves, and charcoal and pine bark (Al-Asheh et al 2000).…”