Sorption of Iron, Manganese, and Copper from Aqueous Solution Using Orange Peel: Optimization, Isothermic, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies

Abstract

The issue of wastewater is becoming more and more important today because of the new European Union laws leading to even stricter norms. Heavy metals belong to some of the negative elements present in wastewater. Their occurrence in wastewater caused by different industrial processes, such as electroplating, metal finishing, metallurgy, chemical production, mining, and production of paper or batteries, raises many questions because of their toxicity even in small concentrations [1].Sorption of heavy metals is one of the most promising technologies used for the removal of contaminants from water. It is a potential alternative to conventional procedures for its low cost, easy availability, and no nutritional requirements. Sorption minimizes the volume of chemical and/or biological sludge, which must subsequently be disposed of. It is also effective for detoxifying dilute wastewaters. Great attention has recently been paid to sorption of heavy metals from solutions using biological Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 26, No. 2 (2017) AbstractThe adsorption of selected metals (Cu, Mn, and Fe) from water solution using orange peel was studied by means of batch mechanism. The aim of this study was to determine the dependency of the sorption process on pH of the solution, the initial concentration of the sorbent, contact time, and temperature. The Langmuier and Freundlich isothermal models were used to describe the sorption isotherms of ions. In this case the Langmuier model is more suitable to describe the data. The adsorption efficiency of removing copper (q 20 = 5 mg/g) and manganese (q 20 = 15 mg/g) by using orange peel was approximately 90%. Under optimal conditions, the efficiency of removing iron (q 20 = 10 mg/g) was approximately 55%. When studying the kinetics we discovered that the sorption process will follow the pseudo second-order. The thermodynamic parameters show an exothermic character of sorption, and the processes are spontaneous and favourable. The results indicate that it is possible to use orange peel effectively for removing selected metals from wastewater.

Evolution of adsorption process for manganese removal in water via agricultural waste adsorbents

“…This indicates that the preferred pH for manganese removal is ranges from pH 5 to 7. Higher pH value is not suitable due to precipitate formation of excessive OH ions ( Surovka and Pertile, 2017 ).…”

“…A number of studies have reported the performances of the agricultural waste adsorbents ( Ali, 2017 ; Surovka and Pertile, 2017 ; Bangaraiah, 2018 ; Kumar et al., 2018 ; Leizou et al., 2018 ; Badrealam et al., 2019 ). However, these studies are limited to the laboratory scale, which is unable to estimate the real operational cost.…”

The Use of Industrial Waste for the Bioremediation of Water Used in Industrial Processes

“…In recent decades, these studies have focused on the waste derived from the agricultural industry that produces large amounts of waste such as biomass, wheat husks, rice, orange, etc. [2,4,8,9,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]; the use of residues from other industries has also been investigated, such as the case of apatites derived from the bone tissue of animals, which have been used for removal of dyes and metal ions obtaining promising results. The use of apatites in particular hydroxyapatite and brushite for the adsorption of heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Co, Mn, and Fe, to name a few, has already been reported [31][32][33][34][35]; however, in most of the studies carried out, only the process of adsorption of metallic solutions of a single component has been analyzed, so the objective of the present work is to evaluate the capacity of brushite (nDCPD), obtained from bovine bone to remove Ni (II), Co (II), and Cu (II) of aqueous solutions, analyzing the selectivity of removal of metal ions in aqueous solutions with two or three different metals, determining the kinetic models and in equilibrium in which the removal of metals takes place and the structural changes suffered by nDCPD during the development of the different tests.…”

Removal of Crystal Violet and Eriochrome Black T Dyes from Aqueous Solutions by Magnetic Nanoparticles Biosynthesized from Leaf Extract of Fraxinus Chinensis Roxb

“…On average, to produce 1 kg of textile, ~200 L of water is consumed and an average-sized textile mill with a production of about 8000 kg of fabric per day consumed about 1.6 million L water. Moreover, on average, the reported concentrations of biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), total solids (TS) and color in textile wastewater are about 6000, 1560 mg/L and 1450-4750 ADMI, respectively [6][7][8]. Importantly, these toxic dyes are creating harmful effects and diseases in residential communities, i.e., allergies, jaundice, heart defects, skin irritation, and tumors.…”