Sorption of Phenyl Urea Herbicides to Black Carbon

Sobek, Anna; Stamm, Nadine; Bucheli, Thomas D.

doi:10.1021/es901737f

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A possible reason for the result is that the labile composition of biochars was almost mineralised and the soil organic matter might be adsorbed to biochars, either within biochar pores or onto external biochar surfaces (Zimmerman et al 2011). Sobek et al (2009) showed that biochars could adsorb organic matter and protect it from being utilised. In this study, the lower soil mineralisation rates in the treatments with biochars produced at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures might be partly attributable to their higher surface areas with greater adsorption affinity for natural organic matter (Kasozi et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of amendment of different biochars on soil carbon mineralisation and sequestration

Ouyang

Zhang

2014

Soil Res.

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Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of addition of different biochars on soil carbon mineralisation and sequestration. Different biochars were produced from two types of feedstock, fresh dairy manure and pine tree woodchip, each of which was pyrolysed at 300, 500, and 7008C. Each biochar was mixed at 5% (w/w) with a forest loamy soil and the mixture was incubated at 258C for 180 days, during which soil physicochemical properties and soil carbon mineralisation were measured. Results showed that the biochar addition increased soil carbon mineralisation at the early stage (within the first 15 days) because biochar brought available organic carbon to the soil and changed associated soil properties, such increasing soil pH and microbial activity. The largest increase in soil carbon mineralisation at the beginning of incubation was induced by the dairy manure biochar pyrolysed at 3008C. Soil carbon mineralisation was enhanced more significantly by the dairy manure biochars than by the woodchip biochars, and the enhancement effect decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Although the biochar addition induced increased soil carbon mineralisation at the beginning of the incubation, soil carbon mineralisation rates decreased sharply within a short time (within 15 days) and then remained very low afterwards. Carbon mineralisation kinetic modelling indicated that the stable organic matter in biochars could be sequestrated in soil for a long time and resulted in high levels of carbon sequestration, especially for the woodchip biochars pyrolysed from higher temperatures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of amendment of different biochars on soil carbon mineralisation and sequestration

Ouyang

Zhang

2014

Soil Res.

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“…The sorption of organic chemicals on BC is influenced by hydrophobicity, the presence of aromatic rings, and the planarity of the molecular structure. [51][52][53] In other words, given the same log K ow value, the sorption of planar aromatics on BC is higher than that of aliphatics. 52) In addition, even if a compound has aromatic rings, non-planar aromatics such as ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with a torsional structure between the 2 ring planes exhibit lower sorption than planar aromatics such as non-ortho PCBs.…”

Section: Effect Of Organic Carbon Quality On K Oc Variability Of Pestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of organic carbon quality on the sorption behavior of pesticides in Japanese soils

Motoki

Iwafune²,

Seike

et al. 2014

J. Pestic. Sci.

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We analyzed the factors influencing pesticide sorption to soils by testing 17 pesticides with different polarity and chemical structures in 8 soils, including major types in Japan. The soil-water distribution coefficients (K d ) were significantly positively correlated with organic carbon (OC) content. However, the OC-normalized sorption coefficients (K oc ) of many pesticides exhibited high variability among soils. Solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was performed to elucidate the effect of OC quality on K oc variability. The NMR results indicated that the aromatic carbon content in soil was positively correlated with the K oc values of pesticides. The sorption pattern of pesticides to soils containing abundant aromatic carbon was influenced by the differences in the molecular structures of pesticides, similar to that to activated carbon and graphite. The results indicate the aromatic carbon in soils, particularly black carbon, is an important factor influencing the sorption of pesticides to soils. © Pesticide Science Society of Japan

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“…Accordingly, the decreases in unstable carbon pool (Figure 3) may also result from the sorption of compost-derived carbon onto the biochar, either within the biochar pores (Figure 4c,d,f) or onto the external biochar surfaces (Figure 4e). Cornelissen et al (2005) [40] and Sobek et al (2009) [41] reported that biochars exhibit extremely high adsorption affinity for organic matter and might suppress organic C mineralization. In addition, Kasozi et al (2010) [42] reported that the organic matter sorption onto biochar surfaces is kinetically limited by slow diffusion into the subnanometer-sized pores dominating biochar surfaces.…”

Section: Co2 Emissions From Soils Amended With the Compost And Biocharsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of Organic Matter by Biochar Application in Compost-amended Soils with Contrasting pH Values and Textures

et al. 2015

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Food demand and soil sustainability have become urgent concerns because of the impacts of global climate change. In subtropical and tropical regions, practical management that stabilizes and prevents organic fertilizers from rapid decomposition in soils is necessary. This study conducted a short-term (70 days) incubation experiment to assess the effects of biochar application on the decomposition of added bagasse compost in three rural soils with different pH values and textures. Two rice hull biochars, produced through slow pyrolization at 400 °C (RHB-400) and 700 °C (RHB-700), with application rates of 1%, 2%, and 4% (w/w), were separately incorporated into soils with and without compost (1% (w/w) application rate). Experimental results indicated that C mineralization rapidly increased at the beginning in all treatments, particularly in those involving 2% and 4% biochar. The biochar addition increased C mineralization by 7.9%-48% in the compost-amended soils after 70 days incubation while the fractions of mineralized C to applied C significantly decreased. Moreover, the estimated maximum of C mineralization amount in soils treated with both compost and biochar were obviously lower than expectation calculated by a double exponential model (two pool model). Based on the micromorphological observation, added compost was wrapped in the soil aggregates formed after biochar application and then may OPEN ACCESS Sustainability 2015, 7 13318 be protected from decomposing by microbes. Co-application of compost with biochar may be more efficient to stabilize and sequester C than individual application into the studied soils, especially for the biochar produced at high pyrolization temperature.

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Sorption of Phenyl Urea Herbicides to Black Carbon

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of amendment of different biochars on soil carbon mineralisation and sequestration

Effects of amendment of different biochars on soil carbon mineralisation and sequestration

Effects of organic carbon quality on the sorption behavior of pesticides in Japanese soils

Stabilization of Organic Matter by Biochar Application in Compost-amended Soils with Contrasting pH Values and Textures

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