Sorption of Strontium by Graphitic Materials

Hilpert, K.; Gerads, H.; Kobertz, Dietmar

doi:10.1002/bbpc.19850890110

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The study reported in Ref. [8] also confirmed the pronounced dependence of sorptivity on a specific graphite structure. The authors measured Sr concentration in the A3--3 graphite and found that Sr inventory was bound primarily at the coked resin binder, which is a highly porous, nongraphitized material.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

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Modeling Fission Product Sorption in Graphite Structures

Szlufarska¹,

Morgan²,

Allen³

2013

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…For instance sorption isotherms for metallic fission products have been determined experimentally for the A3--3 graphite [7,8]. It was shown that while Sr and Cs bind strongly to the graphite, Ag is sorbed only in small quantities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Fission Product Sorption in Graphite Structures

Szlufarska¹,

Morgan²,

Allen³

2013

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“…The extremely low background ion intensities achievable allow measurement of partial pressures ≤10 -7 Pa [225], and even 10 -8 Pa in Knudsen cells [226].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature mass spectrometry: Instrumental techniques, ionization cross-sections, pressure measurements, and thermodynamic data (IUPAC Technical Report)

Drowart

Chatillon

Hastie

et al. 2005

Pure and Applied Chemistry

234

184

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An assessment of high-temperature mass spectrometry and of sources of inaccuracy is made. Experimental, calculated, and estimated cross-sections for ionization of atoms and inorganic molecules typically present in high-temperature vapors are summarized. Experimental cross-sections determined for some 56 atoms are generally close to theoretically calculated values, especially when excitation–autoionization is taken into account. Absolute or relative cross-sections for formation of parent ions were measured for ca. 100 molecules. These include homonuclear diatomic and polyatomic molecules, oxides, chalcogenides, halides, and hydroxides. Additivity of atomic cross-sections supplemented by empirical corrections provides fair estimates of molecular cross-sections. Causes of uncertainty are differences in interatomic distances and in shapes of potential energy curves (surfaces) of neutral molecules and of molecular ions and tendency toward dissociative ionization in certain types of molecules. Various mass spectrometric procedures are described that render the accuracy of measured thermodynamic properties of materials largely independent of ionization cross-sections. This accuracy is comparable with that of other techniques applicable under the conditions of interest, but often only the mass spectrometric procedure is appropriate at high temperatures.

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“…A series of fission product loadings are examined using KEMS to derive partial pressures of vapor species as a function of temperature. The loading‐dependent Sr enthalpy of vaporization, 317 as shown in Figure 22, indicates Sr is strongly chemisorbed on graphite. The loading dependence of partial pressures of the vapor species can be used to derive a sorption isotherm.…”

Section: Novel Applications Of Kemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several recent publications on desorption isotherms have been obtained using a KEMS system. Hilpert et al have studied the sorption of Sr and Cs on graphitic materials 317,318 using KEMS. Seelig et al 129 and Walton et al 319 have used KEMS to study sorption of Ag on graphitic materials.…”

Section: Novel Applications Of Kemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry: Current and future approaches

Jacobson,

Colle,

Stolyarova

et al. 2024

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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RationaleKnudsen effusion mass spectrometry (KEMS) has been a powerful tool in physical chemistry since 1954. There are many excellent reviews of the basic principles of KEMS in the literature. In this review, we focus on the current status and potential growth areas for this instrumental technique.MethodsWe discuss (1) instrumentation, (2) measurement techniques, and (3) selected novel applications of the technique. Improved heating methods and temperature measurement allow for better control of the Knudsen cell effusive source. Accurate computer models of the effusive beam and its introduction to the ionizer allow optimization of such parameters as sensitivity and removal of background signals. Computer models of the ionizer allow for optimized sensitivity and resolution. Additionally, data acquisition systems specifically tailored to a KEMS system permit improved quantity and quality of data.ResultsKEMS is traditionally utilized for thermodynamic measurements of pure compounds and solutions. These measurements can now be strengthened using first principles and model‐based computational thermochemistry. First principles can be used to calculate accurate Gibbs energy functions (gefs) for improving third law calculations. Calculated enthalpies of formation and dissociation energies from ab initio methods can be compared to those measured using KEMS. For model‐based thermochemistry, solution parameters can be derived from measured thermochemical data on metallic and nonmetallic solutions. Beyond thermodynamic measurements, KEMS has been used for many specific applications. We select examples for discussion: measurements of phase changes, measurement/control of low‐oxygen potential systems, thermochemistry of ultrahigh‐temperature ceramics, geological applications, nuclear applications, applications to organic and organometallic compounds, and thermochemistry of functional room temperature materials, such as lithium ion batteries.ConclusionsWe present an overview of the current status of KEMS and discuss ideas for improving KEMS instrumentation and measurements. We discuss selected KEMS studies to illustrate future directions of KEMS.

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Sorption of Strontium by Graphitic Materials

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Modeling Fission Product Sorption in Graphite Structures

Modeling Fission Product Sorption in Graphite Structures

High-temperature mass spectrometry: Instrumental techniques, ionization cross-sections, pressure measurements, and thermodynamic data (IUPAC Technical Report)

Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry: Current and future approaches

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