Sorptive Interactions between VOCs and Indoor Materials

Won, Doyun; Corsi, Richard L.; Rynes, Mike

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2001.110406.x

Cited by 103 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The importance of these surfaces with respect to sorption is expected to depend on the type of fabric and the presence of backing materials. For example, carpet with an underlying polyurethane foam carpet cushion, has been shown to be much more important with respect to sorption of VOCs than carpet alone and or other indoor materials (Won et al, 2000(Won et al, , 2001.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying object and material surface areas in residences

Hodgson¹,

Ming²,

Singer³

2005

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The dynamic behavior of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor environments depends, in part, on sorptive interactions between VOCs in the gas phase and material surfaces. Since information on the types and quantities of interior material surfaces is not generally available, this pilot-scale study was conducted in occupied residences to develop and demonstrate a method for quantifying surface areas of objects and materials in rooms. Access to 33 rooms in nine residences consisting of bathrooms, bedroom/offices and common areas was solicited from among research group members living in the East San Francisco Bay Area. A systematic approach was implemented for measuring rooms and objects from 300 cm 2 and larger. The ventilated air volumes of the rooms were estimated and surface area-to-volume ratios were calculated for objects and materials, each segregated into 20 or more categories. Total surface area-to-volume ratios also were determined for each room. The bathrooms had the highest total surface area-to-volume ratios. Bedrooms generally had higher ratios than common areas consisting of kitchens, living/dining rooms and transitional rooms. Total surface area-tovolume ratios for the 12 bedrooms ranged between 2.3 and 4.7 m 2 m -3 . The importance of individual objects and materials with respect to sorption will depend upon the sorption coefficients for the various VOC/materials combinations. When combined, the highly permeable material categories, which may contribute to significant interactions, had a median ratio of about 0.5 m 2 m -3 for all three types of rooms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data have been fit to equations to obtain key parameter values, yielding semi-empirical sorption models. In an extensive study, Won et al (2001) measured adsorption and desorption rate coefficients for eight VOCs interacting with gypsum wallboard, carpet and cushion, acoustic ceiling tile, wood flooring, vinyl flooring, and fiberglass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying object and material surface areas in residences

Hodgson¹,

Ming²,

Singer³

2005

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“…In order to illustrate the use of our model, we used available data for wallboard to define a fugacity capacity as well as the diffusive transfer rates between the air and the wallboard (Tichenor et al 1991;Van Loy et al 2001 ;Won et al 2001). Much of the available experimental work provides information to establish sorption and desoprtion rates from a surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some have developed isotherms to model the partitioning into a surface (Jorgensen et al 2000). But it has not been established whether a chemical partitions primarily onto the surface of a material (Won et al 2001), or whether the compounds diffuse into the pores and/or body of the material (Cox et al 2001). Additionally, partitioning and diffusion may occur on different time scales, with short-term experiments accounting for partitioning onto the surface and long term experiments accounting for diffusion into the material.…”

Section: Treatment Of Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fugacity-Based Indoor Residential Pesticide Fate Model

Bennett

Furtaw

2004

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Dermal and non-dietary pathways are potentially significant exposure pathways to pesticides used in residences. Exposure pathways include dermal contact with residues on surfaces, ingestion from hand-and object-to-mouth activities, and absorption of pesticides into food. A limited amount of data has been collected on pesticide concentrations in various residential compartments following an application. But models are needed to interpret this data and make predictions about other pesticides based on chemical properties. In this paper, we propose a mass-balance compartment model based on fugacity principles. We include air (both gas phase and aerosols), carpet, smooth flooring, and walls as model compartments. Pesticide concentrations on furniture and toys, and in food, are being added to the model as data becomes available. We determine the compartmental fugacity capacity and mass transfer-rate coefficient for wallboard as an example. We also present the framework and equations needed for a dynamic mass-balance model.

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“…Some studies have shown that there can be significant sink effects with certain floor and wall covering materials when used in conjunction with other emitting sources highlighting more complex interactions and effects of flooring and wall assemblies including peak VOCs shifts with respect to time instead of simple decays (Won et al 2001). …”

Section: Formaldehyde Emission Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Aldehyde and Other Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions in Four Fema Temporary Housing Units ? Final Report

Salazar¹,

Maddalena²,

Russell³

et al. 2008

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ABSTRACT) samples of surface material, 16 types, were collected directly from the four THUs and shipped to Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. The material samples were analyzed for VOC and aldehyde emissions in small stainless steel chambers using a standard, accurate mass balance method. Quantification methods for the VOCs included high performance liquid chromatography for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, ion chromatography for the acetic acid, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the remaining VOCs. Material specific emission factors (µg h -1 per m 2 of material) were quantified. Approximately 80 unique VOCs were initially identified in the THU field samples, of which forty-five were quantified either because of their toxicological significance or because their concentrations were high. Whole-trailer and material specific emission factors were calculated for 33 compounds. The THU emission factors and those from their component materials were compared against those measured in other types of housing and the materials used in their construction. Whole THU emission factors for most VOCs were similar to those from comparative housing. The three exceptions were large emissions of formaldehyde, acetic acid, TMPD-DIB (a common plasticizer in vinyl products), and somewhat elevated emission of phenol. Of these compounds, formaldehyde was the only one with toxicological significance at the observed concentrations. Whole THU formaldehyde emissions ranged from 173 to 266 µg m -2 h -1 in the morning and 257 to 347 µg m -2 h -1 in the afternoon. Median formaldehyde emissions in previously studied site-built and manufactured homes were 31 and 45 µg m -2 h -1 , respectively. Only one of the composite wood materials that was tested appeared to exceed the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) formaldehyde emission standard for new material but several of the materials exceeded if the decline in emission with aging is considered. The high loading factor (material surface area divided by THU volume) of composite wood products in the THUs and the low fresh air exchange relative to the material surface area may be responsible for the excessive concentrations observed for some of the VOCs and formaldehyde.

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Sorptive Interactions between VOCs and Indoor Materials

Cited by 103 publications

References 2 publications

Quantifying object and material surface areas in residences

Quantifying object and material surface areas in residences

Fugacity-Based Indoor Residential Pesticide Fate Model

Aldehyde and Other Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions in Four Fema Temporary Housing Units ? Final Report

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