SoS-RPL: Securing Internet of Things Against Sinkhole Attack Using RPL Protocol-Based Node Rating and Ranking Mechanism

Zaminkar, Mina; Fotohi, Reza

doi:10.1007/s11277-020-07421-z

Cited by 73 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The difficulties in implementation and debugging routing protocols in real networks, raises the necessity to consider simulations as a fundamental design tool. The main advantage of simulation is simplifying analysis and protocol verification, mainly in large-scale systems [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. It is possible to employ a NAM in the NS-2 to visualize the results.…”

Section: B Simulation Setup and Comparing Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Cluster-based Routing Protocol for Improvement Delay in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Najafi¹,

Aghaei²

2020

Preprint

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Cluster-based routing in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks is considered one of the convenient methods of routing. The existence of Cluster Head (CH) in a group of nodes for data forwarding improves the performance of routing in terms of routing overhead and power consumption. In this paper, a clustering algorithm using hierarchical routing for mobile ad hoc networks is proposed. In the proposed method, first, clusters are formed by the FLOC clustering method with low overlapping. Then, according to the most important network criteria, including hop count, noise ratio, distance, remaining energy, and link expiration time, head clusters are selected based on the weighting algorithm. To transfer data in the proposed method, two types of communication are used, e.g., inter-cluster communication and intra-cluster communication in which the shortest path to the target cluster is selected. The proposed P-METHOD technique is based on hierarchy and clustering as well as using a weighted algorithm that reduces delay in data transmission on the network. Moreover, P-METHOD is evaluated here via extensive simulations carried out in NS-2. The simulation results indicate that the MANET network performance metrics are improved in terms of average throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), delay, residual energy, and lifetime.

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Section: B Simulation Setup and Comparing Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Cluster-based Routing Protocol for Improvement Delay in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Najafi¹,

Aghaei²

2020

Preprint

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“…In [18], SCOTRES-a trust-oriented system is proposed for secure routing in ad-hoc networks to advance the network entities' intelligence using 5 innovative metrics. The resource consumption of each node is considered by the energy metric to impose similar quantity of collaboration and to increase the network's lifetime.…”

Section: Grayhole Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secure Communication between UAVs Using a Method Based on Smart Agents in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Faraji¹,

Fotohi²

2020

Preprint

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Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) create an extensive fighting capability of the developed military forces. Particularly, these systems carrying confidential data are exposed to security attacks. By the wireless’s nature within these networks, they become susceptible to different kinds of attacks, hence, it seems essential to design the appropriate safety mechanism in such networks. The sinkhole attack is one of the most dangerous and threatening attacks amongst types of attack in UAS. A malicious UAV exists in such a threat attacking as a black hole for absorbing all traffic in the network. Mainly, in a Flow-based protocol, the attacker considers the requests on the route, then, it replies to the target UAV such as high quality or the best route towards Gard station. The malicious UAV is able to only insert itself on one occasion between the nodes relating to each other (such as sink node and sensor node), and act for passing packets among them. In this study, the malicious attacks are detected and purged using two stages were. In the first stage, some principles and rules are used to detect black hole, gray hole, and sinkhole attacks. In the second stage, using a smart agent-based strategy negotiation procedure for three steps, a defense mechanism is designed to prevent these attacks. The smart agent is used by reliable neighbors via the negotiation procedure for three steps, hence, the traffic formed by the malicious UAV is not considered. The suggested protocol is called SAUAS. Here, the technique is assessed through extensive simulations performed in the NS-3 environment. Based on the simulation outcomes, it is indicated that the UAS network performance metrics are enhanced based on the packet delivery rate, detection rate, false-negative rate and false-positive rate.

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“…Packet loss is measured as a percentage of packets lost with respect to packets sent. The lower value of the packet loss means the better performance of the protocol [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The PLR is calculated in Equation 17follows:…”

Section: Average Throughputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficient Multi-Path Routing Algorithm Using Gray System Theory for Improvement of Routing and Network Stability in Internet of Things

R¹,

Bagherifard²,

Nejatian³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Internet of things (IoT) is a network of smart things. This indicates the ability of these physical things to transfer information with other physical things. The characteristics of these networks, such as topology dynamicity and energy constraint, challenges the routing problem in these networks. Previous routing methods could not achieve the required performance in this type of network. Therefore, developers of this network designed and developed specific methods in order to satisfy the requirements of these networks. One of the routing methods is utilization of multi-path protocols which send data to its destination using routes with separate links. One of such protocols is AOMDV routing protocol. In this paper, this method is improved using gray system theory which chooses the best paths used for separate routes to send packets. To do this, AOMDV packet format is altered and some fields are added to it so that energy criteria, link expiration time, and signal to noise ratio can also be considered while selecting the best route. The proposed method named RMPGST-IoT is introduced which chooses the routes with highest rank for concurrent transmission of data, using a specific routine based on the gray system theory. In order to evaluate and report the results, the proposed RMPGST-IoT method is compared to the ERGID and ADRM-IoT approaches with regard to throughput, packet receiving rate, packet loss rate, average remaining energy, and network lifetime. The results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed RMPGST-IoT compared to the ERGID and ADRM-IoT approaches.

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SoS-RPL: Securing Internet of Things Against Sinkhole Attack Using RPL Protocol-Based Node Rating and Ranking Mechanism

Cited by 73 publications

References 34 publications

An Efficient Cluster-based Routing Protocol for Improvement Delay in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

An Efficient Cluster-based Routing Protocol for Improvement Delay in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Secure Communication between UAVs Using a Method Based on Smart Agents in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Energy Efficient Multi-Path Routing Algorithm Using Gray System Theory for Improvement of Routing and Network Stability in Internet of Things

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